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Samenvatting Topografie

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In deze samenvatting vind je alles dat te maken heeft met de topografie binnen anatomie. De terminologie, vlakken en assen de verschillende bewegingen binnen deze vlakken worden beschreven.

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  • May 28, 2020
  • 5
  • 2018/2019
  • Summary
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Anatomie
Deel 1: Topagrafie..................................................................................................................................1
1 Terminologia anatomica......................................................................................................................1
1.1 Anatomie versus fysiologie...........................................................................................................1
1.1.1 Wat?......................................................................................................................................1
1.2 Geslachten....................................................................................................................................2
1.3 Enkelvoud -Meervoud..................................................................................................................2
1.4 Nominatief -Genitief.....................................................................................................................2
1.5 Afkortingen...................................................................................................................................2
1.5.1 Zie woordenlijst.....................................................................................................................2
2 Vlakken en Assen.................................................................................................................................2
2.1 Anatomische houding...................................................................................................................2
2.1.1 Wat?......................................................................................................................................2
2.2 Vlakken.........................................................................................................................................3
2.2.1 Lichaamsvlakken....................................................................................................................3
2.2.2 Buisvormige organen.............................................................................................................3
2.3 Statische richting of plaatsaanduiding..........................................................................................3
2.3.1 Algemene aanduidingen........................................................................................................3
3 Bewegingen.........................................................................................................................................4
3.1 Wat?.............................................................................................................................................4
3.2 Bewegingen rond transversale as.................................................................................................4
3.2 Bewegingen rondom sagittale as..................................................................................................4
3.3 Bewegingen rond de longitudinale as...........................................................................................4
3.4 Bijzondere bewegingen................................................................................................................4




Deel 1: Topagrafie

1 Terminologia anatomica
1.1 Anatomie versus fysiologie
1.1.1 Wat?
 Anatomie = ontleedkunde (bouw van het lichaam)
 afgeleid van Grieks: ana (uiteen) + temnein (snijden)

,  geeft antwoord op hoe menselijk lichaam werkt (puzzel)
 Fysiologie = bestudeert en meet functies van levende organismen
 afgeleid van Grieks: physis (natuur) + logos (wetenschap)
 Vb: bloeddruk, samenstelling urine, spierkracht, hersenactiviteit,..

 Functionele anatomie = anatomie + fysiologie
 de bouw van een lichaamsdeel of orgaan hangt samen met de functie ervan
 Vorm en bouw bepalend voor functiemogelijkheden
 Functie heeft invloed op de bouw van het orgaan
 Terminologia anatomica
 Internationale naamgeving voor functionele anatomie
 Gebaseerd op Latijn en Grieks
 Gebruik van namen van onderzoekers Vb: Buis van Eustachius
 Afkortingen

1.2 Geslachten
Geslacht Achtervoegsel Naam (voorbeeld) Vertaling
Vrouwelijk -A Capsula Het kapsel
Mannelijk -US Musculus De spier
Onzijdig -UM Ligamentum Het ligament


1.3 Enkelvoud -Meervoud
Enkelvoud Meervoud
V -A Vertebra Wervel -AE Vertebrae Wervels
M -US Sulcus Gleuf -I Sulci Gleuven
O -UM Ligamentu Ligament -I Ligamenti Ligamenten
m


1.4 Nominatief -Genitief
 Voorzetsel in het woord

Nominatief Genitief Voorbeeld
V Scapula Schouderblad Scapulae Van het Spina
schouderblad scapulae
M Humerus Opperarm Humeri Van de Caput humeri
opperarm
O Collum Hals Colli Van de hals Ligamentum
colli


1.5 Afkortingen
1.5.1 Zie woordenlijst

2 Vlakken en Assen
2.1 Anatomische houding
2.1.1 Wat?
 Persoon die recht opstaat

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