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Thaler Text - Summary

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UU Introduction to Economics and Business Economics - Summary for Thaler Text 'Anomalies: The January Effect' (1987)

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  • May 28, 2020
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By: willemloozen • 4 year ago

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Summary – The January Effect – Thaler:
Anomalies: The January Effect (1987). Richard H. Thaler.

Problems in problem solving: Confirmation Bias  people have the natural tendency to
search for confirming rather than disconfirming evidence  this bias can be emphasised
when unjustified assumptions make disconfirming evidence seem unlikely.

Anomaly  a result inconsistent with the current economic theories and models (paradigm).
In economics, most behaviour can be explained by assuming that agents make rational and
consistent choices  an anomalous result  when an empirical result needs implausible
assumptions to stay within the theories and models.
Sometimes, anomalies can be blamed on market failure and transaction costs.

Anomaly in Security Market  firms with low-price earnings, small firms and firms that have
lost much value all earn returns higher than expected.

January Effect  seasonal patterns  high average monthly return in January  a big
percentage of the annual returns occurred in January  equal-weighted index  small firms
have a greater weight than their market value share.
Firms that declined in value and stocks with negative returns over a previous year have higher
returns in January.

Explanations of Anomalies  not based on rational behaviour by all market participants.
Possible/Partial Explanation for January Effect  tax-loss selling (not the entire explanation).

Previous big winners have negative returns, losers have positive returns (concentrated in
January).
Dividends  highest returns are associated with firms that pay no dividends (concentrated in
January).

Even if nobody could make money as a result of seasonal anomalies, one should still wonder
why these anomalies occur.

Internet:
Anomaly  something that deviates from the standard / expected  deviation from common
rule.
Seasonal Anomaly (= Calendar Anomaly)  a market anomaly, different behaviour of stock
markets.
January Effect  a seasonal increase in stock prices during the month of January  due to
increase in buying (this follows a drop in price in December when investors prompt a sell-off
 tax-loss of capital gains).

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