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PN4003 Variations Final Review - Questions With Proven Solutions
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PN4003 Variations Final Review - Questions With Proven Solutions
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PN4003 Variations Final Review - Questions WithProven Solutions
The nurse knows to take extra care to check for signs of bruising or bleeding
with which electrolyte imblance? Correct Ans - Hypocalcemia
hypocalcemia can affect clotting
The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a client with a possible
acid-base imbalance. The physician has prescribed an arterial blood gas
(ABG). What is one of the most important indications of an acid-base
imbalance that is shown in an ABG?
a)PaO2
b)PO2
c)Carbonic acid
d)Bicarbonate Correct Ans - D
The nursing instructor is talking with the nursing class about fluid and
electrolyte balance. What would the instructor tell the students that the
average daily fluid intake for an adult is? Correct Ans - 2500ml
The nurse is instructing on the body's negative feedback loop to ensure
homeostasis to a group of students. Which action by bases keeps the blood pH
nearly neutral?
A. Bases cast off acids.
B. Bases bind with hydrogen.
C. Bases hold acidic properties.
D. Bases have no contact with acids. Correct Ans - B
The nurse is correct to state that a client's body needs to have adequate
nutrition to maintain energy. Which type of transport of dissolved substances
requires adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
A. Osmosis
B. Passive diffusion
C. Facilitated diffusion
D. Active transport Correct Ans - D- active transport requires use of bodys
energy molecule ATP to meet body needs for fluid and particle transport
,Which laboratory result does the nurse identify as a direct result of the client's
hypovolemic status with hemoconcentration?
A. Abnormal potassium level
B. Elevated hematocrit level
C. Low white blood count
D. Low urine specific gravity Correct Ans - B
The nurse is caring for a client in heart failure with signs of hypervolemia.
Which vital sign is indicative of the disease process?
A. Low heart rate
B. Elevated blood pressure
C. Rapid respiration
D. Subnormal temperature Correct Ans - B
A nurse is providing an afternoon shift report and relates morning assessment
findings to the oncoming nurse. Which daily assessment data is necessary to
determine changes in the client's hypervolemia status?
A. vital signs
B. edema
C. intake and output
D. weight Correct Ans - D
The nurse is reviewing client lab work for a critical lab value. Which value is
called to the health care provider for additional prescriptions?
A. Potassium: 5.8 mEq/L
B. Sodium: 138 mEq/L
C. Magnesium:2 mEq/L
D. Calcium: 10 mg/dL Correct Ans - A
The nurse is assigned a client with calcium level of 4.0 mg/dL. Which system
assessment would the nurse ask detailed questions?
A. Endocrine system
B. Gastrointestinal system
C. Neurological system
D. Musculoskeletal system Correct Ans - C- this pt has hypocalcemia. Nurse
will monitor for neurological manifestations such as spasms and seizures
,The nurse is caring for a client with multiple organ failure and in metabolic
acidosis. Which pair of organs is responsible for regulatory processes and
compensation?
A. Kidney and liver
B. Heart and lungs
C. Lungs and kidney
D. Pancreas and stomach Correct Ans - C
The nurse receives report that a client's pH level is 7.4. Which nursing action
would be most appropriate?
A. Call the health care provider with the report.
B. Encourage the client to practice deep breathing.
C. Finish the head-to-toe assessment.
D. Obtain an ECG. Correct Ans - C
The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is experiencing respiratory
acidosis. The client asks what is making the acidotic state. What does the
nurse identify as the result of the disease process that causes the fall in pH?
A. The lungs are unable to breathe in sufficient oxygen.
B. The lungs are unable to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.
C. The lungs have ineffective cilia from years of smoking.
D. The lungs are not able to regulate carbonic acid levels. Correct Ans - D
The nurse is caring for a client with frequent dizziness. The nurse is
evaluating the client for postural hypotension. Which of the following
symptoms would indicate a potential diagnosis?
A. A blood pressure elevation upon activity
B. A drop in systolic blood pressure (15 mm Hg) upon rising
C. A pulsating headache
D. A drop in diastolic blood pressure (25 mmHg) upon rising Correct Ans -
B
A nurse is assessing a client's reflexes. Which condition does the nurse need to
confirm when tapping the facial nerve of a client who has dysphagia?
A. Hypervolemia
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypomagnesemia
D. Hypermagnesemia Correct Ans - C
, unilateral spasm of facial muscles when the nurse taps over the facial muscle.
Known as Chvostek's sign
The nursing student is preparing to care for an ICU client with shock. The
instructor asks the student to name the different categories of shock. Which of
the following is a category of shock?
A. Hypervolemic
B. Distributive
C. Restrictive
D. Cardiotonic Correct Ans - B
The nurse is caring for a client in septic shock. The nurse knows to closely
monitor the client. What finding would the nurse observe when the client's
condition is in its initial stages?
A. A rapid, bounding pulse
B. A slow but steady pulse
C. A weak and thready pulse
D. A slow and imperceptible pulse Correct Ans - A
The nurse is caring for a client with shock. The nurse is concerned about
hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis with the client. What finding should the
nurse analyze for evidence of hypoxemia and metabolic acidosis in a client
with shock?
A. Serum thyroid level findings
B. Arterial blood gas (ABG) findings
C. Red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin count findings
D. White blood cell count findings Correct Ans - B
The nurse is caring for a client who is in neurogenic shock. The nurse knows
that this is a subcategory of what kind of shock?
A. Obstructive
B. Hypovolemic
C. Carcinogenic
D. Distributive Correct Ans - D
The student nurse is being precepted in the ICU. The student is caring for a
client in the compensatory stage of shock who is hypovolemic. Which
compensatory mechanism is most important in the re absorption and
retention of fluid in the body?
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