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HCA 201A FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED RATED A.
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HCA 201A FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE LATEST UPDATED RATED A.
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HCA 201A FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDELATEST UPDATED RATED A.
Cast After-Care Precautions
1. Do not let client insert anything into cast. Can open skin and infection
develop. Can lead to intense desire to scratch.
2. Elevate client's arm or leg in cast on pillow. Reduces swelling.
3. Keep plaster cast dry. Wet cast loses shape.
4. Report pain, swelling, numbness or inability to move fingers/toes,
temperature changes on skin, chills, fever, nausea, vomiting, odour, drainage
under cast immediately.
Types of Bed Rest
1. Strict Bed Rest - client must remain in bed at all times and be assisted with
all ADLs as needed. If incontinent, must use bedpan or urinal.
2. Bed Rest w Commode Privileges - some ADLs allowed, such as self-feeding,
oral hygiene, bathing, shaving, hair care. Bedside commode for elimination.
3. Bed Rest w BRP - client can use bathroom for elimination.
Caring for Client w Paralysis
1. Assist w ADLs and home management tasks. Follow care plan.
2. Prevent falls. Follow care plan for safety measures and bed rail use.
,3. Keep call bell within reach. Check on client and encourage to call out for
help if not able to use.
4. Prevent burns by checking temp. of bathwater, heat applications, food.
5. Turn and reposition client every 2 hours, prevents contracture and pressure
ulcers.
6. Maintain good alignment. Use supportive devices according to care plan.
7. Assist with ROM and other exercises, as ordered by physician.
8. Give emotional support.
4 Goals of Rehabilitation
1. To restore function to former levels. Full restoration is goal for most acute
and temporary conditions. Ie. simple leg fracture = full recover.
2. To improve functional abilities. Some clients unable to return to full function,
instead aim to improve abilities to best extent possible. Ie. ADLs or mobility
skills.
3. To learn new skills. In order to adjust to disability or limitations. Ie. learn sign
language if unable to speak.
4. To prevent further disability and illness. Good body alignment, repositioning,
exercise can prevent complications - ie. contractures, pressure ulcers.
Preventing Orthostatic Hypotension
1. Position client in Fowler's position. Raise head of bed slowly, or use pillows
and backrests. Keep in position for a short while. Ask about weakness,
, dizziness, spots in eyes.
2. Help client sit on edge of bed with feet dangling. Keep here for short while.
Ask about weakness, dizziness, spots in eyes.
3. May be requested (if allowed) to take BP, pulse, respirations while in lying
position before sitting up.
4. Help client stand up, stay close.
When a Client Falls, Check For:
1. Pain or Tenderness
2. Swelling or Bruising
3. Inability to move a limb or difficulty moving limb
4. Bleeding
5. Client report of having heard or felt a bone snap/pop
Common MS Symptoms
1. Blurred or double vision, blindness
2. Extreme fatigue
3. Loss of balance, dizziness, difficulty walking, clumsiness
4. Muscle weakness and stiffness
5. Tingling, numbness, burning feeling in one area of body
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