WGU D094 Psychology Objective Assessment Completed for Acing

WGU D094 Psychology Objective Assessment Completed for Acing WGU D094 Psychology Objective Assessment Completed for Acing Sensorimotor Stage (Piaget) << correct answer >> from birth to 2 years, motor activity Pre-operational Stage (Piaget) << correct answer >> from 2 years to 7 years, development of language, memory, and imagination (symbolically) Concrete Operational Stage (Piaget) << correct answer >> from 7 years to 11 years, logical thinking Formal Operational Stage (Piaget) << correct answer >> adolescence to adulthood, abstract thoughts Physical Development << correct answer >> a developmental process that refers to the physical growth of a person's body Cognitive Development << correct answer >> the development of thinking, problem solving, and memory Piaget's Theory << correct answer >> Theory stating that children actively construct their understanding of the world and go through four stages of cognitive development. Vygotsky's Theory << correct answer >> A sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development. Erikson's Theory << correct answer >> Theory that proposes eight stages of human development. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts individuals with a crisis that must be resolved. Trust versus Mistrust (Erikson) << correct answer >> Infants learn basic trust if the world is a secure place where their basic needs are met Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt (Erikson) << correct answer >> Erikson's second crisis of psychosocial development. Toddlers either succeed or fail in gaining a sense of self-rule over their actions and their bodies. Initiative versus Guilt (Erikson) << correct answer >> Pre-school children initiating activities and asserting control. Industry versus Inferiority (Erikson) << correct answer >> The fourth of Erikson's eight psychosocial crises, during which children attempt to master many skills, developing a sense of themselves as either industrious or inferior, competent or incompetent. Identity versus Role Confusion (Erikson) << correct answer >> Erikson's term for the fifth stage of development, in which the person tries to figure out "who am I?" but is confused as to which of many possible roles to adopt Intimacy versus Isolation (Erikson) << correct answer >> Erikson's sixth stage of development. Adults see someone with whom to share their lives in an enduring and self-sacrificing commitment. Without such commitment, they risk profound aloneness and isolation. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory << correct answer >> Holds that behavior, environment, and person/cognitive factors are the key factors in development Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development << correct answer >> Developing children progress through a predictable sequence of stages of moral reasoning (preconventional, conventional, postconventional). Preconventional << correct answer >> Kohlberg's stage of moral development in which rewards and punishments dominate moral thinking Conventional << correct answer >> Uphold laws and rules to gain social approval or maintain social order Postconventional << correct answer >> Right and wrong determined by society's rules which are viewed as fallible rather than absolute or by abstract ethical principles that emphasize equality and justice Gilligan's Theory << correct answer >> The theory suggesting that there is a different process of moral development in women than in men. Chomsky's Theory << correct answer >> Children have an inborn ability to learn language through exposure to it, not being taught it. Skinner's Theory << correct answer >> Theory proposed that we learn language through association, imitation and reinforcement Vygotsky's language theory << correct answer >> Social learning Language Development << correct answer >> the process by which children come to understand and communicate language during early childhood Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) << correct answer >> Vygotsky's concept of the difference between what a child can do alone and what that child can do with the help of a teacher (scaffolding) Intelligence Theories << correct answer >> varying ways that psychologists conceptualize what is meant to be "smart" Behaviorist Theory << correct answer >> Personality is constructed by a series of learning experiences that occur through interactions between the individual and their environment. Cognitivist Theory << correct answer >> A research approach that emphasizes how the human mind receives, processes, stores, and retrieves information in learning and retrieving information. Humanistic Theory << correct answer >> An explanation of behavior that emphasizes the entirety of life rather than individual components of behavior and focuses on human dignity, individual choice, and self-worth cooperative learning << correct answer >> small groups of classmates work toward common goals collaborative learning << correct answer >> Learning that takes place when students work in groups to discuss and solve problems together. Constructivist Theory << correct answer >> Piaget's theory, in which cognitive development results from children's active construction of reality, based on their experiences with the world