SOLUTIONS 2025 GRADED A+
✔✔Which of the following are risk factors for arterial insufficiency?
Diabetes
Smoking
Cardiovascular disease
All are true - ✔✔All
✔✔Lipedema PRIMARILY affects:
Children under six
Elderly of both sexes
Women
Men - ✔✔Women
✔✔Lymphedema caused by malformations (dysplasia) of the lymphatic system is
known as:
Phlebolymphedema
Lipo-lymphedema
Secondary lymphedema
Primary lymphedema - ✔✔Primary lymphedema
✔✔Which of the following statements is true about angiosarcoma?
Patient with signs of angiosarcoma should be referred to a physician for immediate
administration of antibiotics.
Angiosarcoma develops frequently in patients with longstanding, chronic lipedema.
Angiosarcoma is a highly-lethal malignancy that arises from the endothelial lining of the
blood and lymph vessels.
All are true. - ✔✔Angiosarcoma is a highly-lethal malignancy that arises from the
endothelial lining of the blood and lymph vessels.
✔✔A patient with a diagnosis of left, lower-extremity lymphedema (whole leg affected)
comes to you for an evaluation and treatment. His medical history reveals a left inguinal
lymph-node dissection and chemotherapy for treatment of melanoma. He is currently in
remission and has no contraindications for treatment. What anastomoses pathways
should you use during MLD?
Right inguinal-axillary and interinguinal
Interinguinal only
Bilateral inguinal-axillary and interinguinal
Left inguinal-axillary and interinguinal - ✔✔Left inguinal axillary and interinguinal
✔✔What is the main component of a short-stretch bandage?
Spandex
Nylon
Cotton
, Latex - ✔✔Cotton
✔✔What is the term used to describe reduced lymphatic transport capacity with normal
lymphatic load?
Cardiac edema
High output failure
Low output failure
Nephrotic edema - ✔✔Low output failure
✔✔Where are the lymphatic capillaries of the skin located?
Directly under the epidermis
In the sub-fascia
Directly above the epidermis
In the subcutaneous tissue - ✔✔Directly under the epidermis
✔✔Which of the following is a relative contraindication for compression bandaging?
Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI)
All are true
Paralysis with sensory deficits
Arterial disease with an ABI below 0.5 - ✔✔Paralysis with sensory deficits
✔✔A 46-year-old female was referred for home care for evaluation and treatment.
Assessment reveals bilateral lower-extremity edema. The left lower leg > right lower leg
and is mildly pitting. The thighs are symmetrical with soft tissue-texture. Both feet show
a mild degree of pitting edema. The patient is 5'4" with a BMI of 46. The patient states
that her legs have always been bigger since puberty but the left lower leg became even
larger over the last two years. A brownish discoloration is evident anteriorly on both
lower legs, left > right. The patient complains of heaviness and decreased mobility.
Which of the following best describes this patient's condition?
Lipedema
Primary lymphedema
Chronic venous insufficiency
Multi-factorial lymphedema - ✔✔Multifactorial lymphedema
✔✔Which of the following patient groups is most prone to developing axillary web
syndrome?
Young patients who are thin
All women regardless of BMI
Young patients who are obese
Men - ✔✔Young patients who are thin
✔✔What is the purpose of the bicuspid valves in the lymphatic collectors?
To prevent the collector from dilating
To increase propulsion
To prevent lymphatic leakage