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uncw bio 202 exam 1 questions and answers 100% solved
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Exam of 8 pages for the course BIO 202 at BIO 202 (uncw bio 202 exam 1)
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uncw bio 202 exam 1What are the stages of how life got started? - answer1. Nucleotides & amino acids were
produced prior to the existence of cells.
2. Organic polymers may have formed on the surface of clay
3. Cell-like structures may have originated when polymers were enclosed by a boundary
4. Polymers enclosed in membranes acquired cellular properties
What are the 3 hypotheses on how nucleotides and amino acids were produced prior to
the existence of cells? - answer1. Reducing Atmosphere Hypothesis
2. Extraterrestrial Hypothesis
3. Deep-sea Vent Hypothesis
What is a photobiont? - answerA self organized, spherical collection of lipids (natural
oils, waxes, and steroids)
What are the 4 characteristics of a protobiont? - answer1. Membrane separating internal
contents from environment
2. Internal polymers contain info (RNA)
3. Polymers with some kind of metabolism
4. Ability to self replicate
RNA: 1st macromolecule in protobionts characteristics - answer-can store info in
nucleotides
-self replicate
-catalyze chemical reactions
-combines properties otherwise found in DNA and proteins
Precambrian Eons: - answerHadean, Archaean, Proterozoic
Major Environmental Changes (5) - answer1. Atmosphere
2. Landmasses
3. Floods & Glaciations
4. Volcanic Eruptions
5. Meteorite Impacts
Prokaryotes - answerArchaean Eon (3.8-2.5 bya)
little O2= anaerobic respiration
autotrophs
heterotrophs
Autotrophs - answerderive energy from light or chemicals
, Heterotrophs - answereat other organisms for energy; rely on autotrophs for the
production of food
Eukaryotes - answerProterozoic Eon (2.5 bya - 543 mya)
have DNA in nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts
Heterotrophs first? - answerArchaeans living around deep sea vents
Chemosynthesis is basis of energy in these systems
Autotrophs first? - answerCyanobacteria in stromatolites
Produce O2 as a waste product of photosynthesis
high O2 levels doomed anaerobic species; promoted evolution of aerobic species
First multicellular organism appeared when and resembled what? - answer1.5 bya;
fossils resemble modern red algae
Two possible origins of multicellular cells - answerindividual cells aggregating into a
colony (slime molds)
individual cells dividing and sticking together (algae, fungi)
What era's did the Phanerozoic Eon consist of? - answerPaleozoic era, Mesozoic era, &
Cenozoic era
What periods did the paleozoic era consist of? - answerCambrian
Ordovician
Silurian
Devonian
Carboniferous
Permian
What periods did the Mesozoic era consist of? - answerTriassic
Jurassic
Cretaceous
What periods did the Cenozoic era consist of? - answerTertiary
Quartenary
What years did the Paleozoic Era consist of? - answer543-248 mya
Cambrian Period - answer543-490 mya
wet and hot; no polar ice
Cambrian Explosion
Extant lineages include echinoderms, arthropods, mollusks, chordates, & vertebrates
Burgess Shale
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