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HISTORY 1302 UTA- EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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HISTORY 1302 UTA- EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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HISTORY 1302 UTA- EXAM 1QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
John Wilkes Booth - ANSWER-was an American stage actor who, as part of a
conspiracy plot, assassinated Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United
States, at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1865.
Booker T. Washington - ANSWER-Prominent black American, born into slavery, who
believed that racism would end once blacks acquired useful labor skills and proved
their economic value to society, was head of the Tuskegee Institute in 1881. His
book "Up from Slavery."
Black Codes - ANSWER-Southern laws designed to restrict the rights of the newly
freed black slaves
Freedmen's Bureau - ANSWER-1865 - Agency set up to aid former slaves in
adjusting themselves to freedom. It furnished food and clothing to needy blacks and
helped them get jobs
Amnesty Act of 1872 - ANSWER-gave forgiveness to former Confederates and
Whites in the South and allowed them to vote again
Pinkertons - ANSWER-detectives hired by employers as private police force, often
used to end strikes
Eugene V. Debs - ANSWER-Leader of the American Railway Union, he voted to aid
workers in the Pullman strike. He was jailed for six months for disobeying a court
order after the strike was over.
W.E.B. DuBois - ANSWER-1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks
to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910
Civil Rights Act - ANSWER-1964; banned discrimination in public acomodations,
prohibited discrimination in any federally assisted program, outlawed discrimination
in most employment; enlarged federal powers to protect voting rights and to speed
school desegregation; this and the voting rights act helped to give African-Americans
equality on paper, and more federally-protected power so that social equality was a
more realistic goal
Panic of 1873 (1873-1879) - ANSWER-international economic depression triggered
by overproduction of railroads, mines, factories and farm products --> led to the
*Railroad Strike of 1877*
Jospeh Lister - ANSWER-discovered how antiseptics prevented infection
Grover Cleveland - ANSWER-22nd and 24th president, Democrat, Honest and
hardworking, fought corruption, vetoed hundreds of wasteful bills, achieved the
, Interstate Commerce Commission and civil service reform, violent suppression of
strikes
Homestead Strike - ANSWER-Strike at Andrew Carnegie's steel plant in which
Pinkerton detectives clashed with steel workers
Charles Guiteau - ANSWER-assassinated President James to make civil service
reform a reality. He shot Garfield because he believed that the Republican Party had
not fulfilled its promise to give him a government job.
Robber Barons - ANSWER-Refers to the industrialists or big business owners who
gained huge profits by paying their employees extremely low wages. They also
drove their competitors out of business by selling their products cheaper than it cost
to produce it. Then when they controlled the market, they hiked prices high above
original price.
John D. Rockefeller - ANSWER-Established the Standard Oil Company, the
greatest, wisest, and meanest monopoly known in history
Jim Crow Laws - ANSWER-Limited rights of blacks. Literacy tests, grandfather
clauses and poll taxes limited black voting rights
Trusts - ANSWER-Firms or corporations that combine for the purpose of reducing
competition and controlling prices (establishing a monopoly). There are anti-trust
laws to prevent these monopolies.
10% Plan - ANSWER-This was Lincoln's reconstruction plan for after the Civil War.
Written in 1863, it proclaimed that a state could be reintegrated into the Union when
10% of its voters in the 1860 election pledged their allegiance to the U.S. and
pledged to abide by emancipation, and then formally erect their state governments.
This plan was very lenient to the South, would have meant an easy reconstruction.
Benjamin Bristow - ANSWER-Grant's third treasury secretary who discovered that
some of Grant's officials and a group of distillers operating as a "whiskey ring" were
cheating the government out of taxes by filing false reports. Grant's private secretary,
Orville E. Babcock was one of those involved.
Charles Sumner - ANSWER-Radical Republican against the slave power who insults
Andrew Butler and subsequently gets caned by Preston Brooks
Liberal Republicans - ANSWER-In 1872, Republican reformers, alarmed by the
corruption and scandals in the Grant administration, organized this branch of the
Republican Party and nominated Horace Greeley for president. They were laissez
faire liberals who opposed legislation that benefited any particular group.
Samuel Gompers - ANSWER-He was the creator of the American Federation of
Labor. He provided a stable and unified union for skilled workers.
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