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Heart- CDM Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

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Heart- CDM Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is cardiac output? - Amount of blood heart pumps each minute What is the equation for cardiac output? - CO = HR x SV What is ejection fraction? - The percentage of total blood in the ventricle that gets pumped out with each systolic contract...

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  • March 9, 2025
  • 23
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • CDM
  • CDM
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KatelynWhitman
Heart- CDM Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass


What is cardiac output? - ✔✔Amount of blood heart pumps each minute


What is the equation for cardiac output? - ✔✔CO = HR x SV


What is ejection fraction? - ✔✔The percentage of total blood in the ventricle that gets

pumped out with each systolic contraction


What is a normal ejection fraction? - ✔✔50-70%


What causes heart failure with reduced ejection fraction? - ✔✔Failure of the ventricle to

pump out blood effectively during systolic contraction


What is the ejection fraction commonly in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction? -

✔✔<40%


What is the cause of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction? - ✔✔Failure of

ventricle to fill properly




100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1

,Does heart failure with reduced ejection fraction cause the heart to look bigger or

smaller? - ✔✔Bigger- causes hypertrophic growth with thin walls


Does heart failure with preserved ejection fraction cause the heart to look bigger or

smaller? - ✔✔Normal size but hypertrophy happens in an inwards pattern restricting

the volume of the ventricles


What are 5 symptoms of left sided heart failure? - ✔✔1- Dyspnoea


2- Orthopnoea


3- Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnoea


4- Cough


5- Cardiac wheeze


What are 3 symptoms of right sided heart failure? - ✔✔1- Oedema


2- Ascites


3- Raised JVP


Briefly, what are the 4 classes of the New York Heart Association heart failure grading?

- ✔✔Class I- No limitation of physical activity


Class II- Slight limitation of physical activity


Class III- Marked limitation of physical activity




100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 2

, Class IV- Unable to do any physical activity. Symptoms of heart failure at rest


What are conservative management options of heart failure? - ✔✔- Salt reduction


- Stopping smoking


- Annual flu and pneumonia vaccines


- Tracking weight as sudden weight gain can represent oedema and water retention


- Exercise


What are the medications used for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction? - ✔✔-

ACE Inhibitor


- Beta Blocker


- Then if symptoms aren't fully controlled SPIRINOLACTONE (Mineralocorticoid

antagonist)


- Sacubitril/valsartan are angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors and can replace

ACEi


- Furosomide and digoxin for symptoms


What are the treatments of heart failure with preserved ejection fracture? - ✔✔- Mostly

symptomatic


- Control co-morbidities like Hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes




100% Pass Guarantee Katelyn Whitman, All Rights Reserved © 2025 3

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