100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Nagelhout Exam Final Questions with 100% Correct Answers $11.49
Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

Nagelhout Exam Final Questions with 100% Correct Answers

 0 purchase
  • Course
  • Nagelhout
  • Institution
  • Nagelhout

Which drugs cause histamine release? (contraindicated for asthmatics) - ANSWER-Phenanthrenes + demorol produce histamine release Which opioid's metabolism is not affected by liver disease? - ANSWER-Remifentanyl is metabolized by hydrolysis, enzyme catalyzing it is called nonspecific esterases ...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 21  pages

  • March 21, 2025
  • 21
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • Nagelhout
  • Nagelhout
avatar-seller
IMORA
Nagelhout Exam Final Questions with 100%
Correct Answers

Flumazenil reverses benzodiazepines, however does it reverse the anterograde
amnesia effects? - ANSWER-Yes, to a degree

Contraindications to giving flumazenil? - ANSWER-Hx of seizures, allergy

How can you estimate the addictiveness of an opiate? - ANSWER-Correlates with the
potency - more potent, more addictive

What is an enkephalin? - ANSWER-endogenous pain relievers

Where are enkephalins found? - ANSWER-CNS sites, GI tract + adrenal medulla

What is Pro-opiomelanocortin a precursor to? - ANSWER-Beta-Endorphin

What is Proenkephalin A a precursor to? - ANSWER-Enkephalins

What is Prodynorphin a precursor to? - ANSWER-dynorphins

What are the three major endogenous pain regulators? - ANSWER-Enkephalins,
Dynorphins, Beta-Endorphins

What are pain receptors called? - ANSWER-nociceptors

Is it preferred to use multiple pain medications or a high dose of a single one? -
ANSWER-Multiple; lower doses of multiple medications produce less overall side
effects

What is the purpose of pain? - ANSWER-Alarm system

What correlates with opioid potency and addiction liability? - ANSWER-Respiratory
depression; increases with the rest of the factors

What receptor do opioids work on? - ANSWER-Mu receptors

Dysphoria and shivering are associated with which pain receptor? - ANSWER-Kappa

What happens when you give a partial agonist with a full agonist? - ANSWER-They
compete for receptors and reduce the overall effect

What are the three groups of pain medications (chemically)? - ANSWER-Phenanthrene
alkaloids, piperidine derivatives, diphenylheptanes

,What does it mean if you're allergic to one phenanthrene narcotic? - ANSWER-You are
allergic to all phenanthrenes

Which drugs cause histamine release? (contraindicated for asthmatics) - ANSWER-
Phenanthrenes + demorol produce histamine release

Which opioid's metabolism is not affected by liver disease? - ANSWER-Remifentanyl is
metabolized by hydrolysis, enzyme catalyzing it is called nonspecific esterases

What drug interaction occurs between MAOIs and demerol? - ANSWER-Deadly
seizures

How do opioids cause respiratory depression with regards to PCO2 and alveolar
ventilation? - ANSWER-Opioids are respiratory depressants because they shift the CO2
response curve to the right (higher levels of PCO2 are required to induce the same
alveolar ventilation)

What two actions of opiates do you not develop tolerance to? - ANSWER-Miosis and
constipation

How to treat shivering? - ANSWER-Demerol

Does pruritus occur from histamine release (with regards to opioids)? - ANSWER-No, it
occurs from histamine and other factors (will occur with non histamine releasing opioids)

How do narcotics affect biliary pressure? - ANSWER-Increase it

What are treatments for increased biliary pressure? - ANSWER-Atropine
(glycopyrrolate), nitroglycerine, glucagon, naloxone, robinul

What correlates with an opioid's effect on biliary pressure? - ANSWER-Dose and
potency

How do narcotics cause biliary pressure? - ANSWER-Constriction of the sphincter of
Oddi

How to treat chest wall rigidity? - ANSWER-Succinylcholine, non-depolarizing muscle
relaxants, paralytics

What increases risk of chest wall rigidity? - ANSWER-High doses of narcotics given
rapidly, N20 co-administration

What is the chemotactic trigger zone? - ANSWER-Triggers vomiting center (immediate
gagging and vomiting)

Does the chemotactic trigger zone have a blood brain barrier? - ANSWER-No; has to
have direct access to the blood to sense O2

, With relation to opioids, when is the risk for nausea and vomiting highest? - ANSWER-
First dose, inhibitory effect on vomiting center tempers the CTZ

Which patient is at higher risk for vomiting, patient who is not on opioids (and is not
being administered opioids), or patient who is on opioids chronically? - ANSWER-
Chronic user

What is the vestibular component of nausea and vomiting? - ANSWER-movement

What is the multimodal therapy for PONV? - ANSWER-Dexamethasone before
induction

Which antiemetics can prolong QT? - ANSWER-Droperidol and Zofran

What is pharmacokinetics? - ANSWER-what the body does to the drug

What is pharmacodynamics? - ANSWER-what the drug does to the body

What is pharmacogenetics? - ANSWER-Genetic influences on and by drugs

What is pharmacogenomics? - ANSWER-Is the science which examines inherited
variations in genes that dictate drug response and explores way that the variations can
be used to predict wether the patient will have a good, bad, or no response to a drug.

How do narcotics affect ICP? - ANSWER-Indirectly through respirations

What is non-competitive binding? - ANSWER-Strong affinity for receptor, usually
covalent, can't be broken

What is the therapeutic index? - ANSWER-LD50/ED50

What is the therapeutic window? - ANSWER-TD50/ED50

What is the order of bond strength? - ANSWER-Covalent --> ionic --> hydrogen -->
hydrophobic --> van der Waals

What does the dose response curve tell us? - ANSWER-Affinity
Efficacy
Variability
Slope

Two medications are available, which one will pass through the placental membrane?
Oral capsule: Acid - pKa 5.1
IV: Basic - pKa 7.5 - ANSWER-IV

When would a basic IV solution be more water soluble? pH: 5 or 10? - ANSWER-5

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller IMORA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

70713 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling
$11.49
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added