AMT MLT Exam Study Guide/Practice Test
#2| 201 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Course
AMT MLT
1. What is the purpose of a blood culture in microbiology?
A) To identify bacteria in the bloodstream
B) To measure red blood cell count
C) To determine blood oxygen levels
D) To test for viral infections
Answer:
A) To identify bacteria in the bloodstream
A blood culture is a test used to detect bacteria or other microorganisms in a blood sample,
which may indicate a bloodstream infection (bacteremia).
2. In hematology, what does the term "leukocytosis" refer to?
A) A low white blood cell count
B) A high white blood cell count
C) A decrease in red blood cell count
D) A high platelet count
Answer:
B) A high white blood cell count
Leukocytosis refers to an increase in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood,
which can be caused by infections, inflammation, or other conditions.
3. Which of the following is a common indicator of liver dysfunction in a blood
test?
A) Increased bilirubin levels
B) Decreased platelet count
C) Increased hemoglobin levels
D) Decreased creatinine levels
Answer:
A) Increased bilirubin levels
,Increased bilirubin levels in the blood are a common indicator of liver dysfunction, as the liver is
responsible for processing bilirubin. High bilirubin levels can lead to jaundice.
4. What is the primary function of the kidneys in relation to blood chemistry?
A) To produce red blood cells
B) To maintain blood oxygen levels
C) To filter waste products and regulate electrolyte balance
D) To synthesize insulin
Answer:
C) To filter waste products and regulate electrolyte balance
The kidneys filter waste from the blood and help regulate fluid, electrolyte, and pH balance.
They also excrete metabolic waste products, such as urea and creatinine.
5. In which of the following conditions would you expect an elevated hemoglobin
A1c level?
A) Acute infection
B) Well-controlled diabetes
C) Chronic kidney disease
D) Poorly controlled diabetes
Answer:
D) Poorly controlled diabetes
Hemoglobin A1c reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. Elevated
levels indicate poor long-term blood glucose control, which is common in poorly controlled
diabetes.
6. What is the significance of a positive "Coombs test"?
A) The presence of antibodies against red blood cells
B) The presence of bacteria in the blood
C) The presence of a viral infection
D) The presence of elevated white blood cells
Answer:
A) The presence of antibodies against red blood cells
A positive Coombs test indicates that the immune system is producing antibodies that attack red
blood cells, which can lead to hemolytic anemia.
,7. Which of the following is an essential component of a complete blood count
(CBC)?
A) Platelet count
B) Serum protein levels
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Total cholesterol level
Answer:
A) Platelet count
A complete blood count (CBC) includes measurements of red blood cells, white blood cells,
hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets.
8. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with kidney failure?
A) Hypercalcemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypomagnesemia
Answer:
C) Hyperkalemia
In kidney failure, the kidneys are less able to excrete potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, which
can be life-threatening if left untreated.
9. What is the purpose of a "prothrombin time" (PT) test?
A) To measure the blood's ability to form clots
B) To evaluate liver function
C) To assess kidney function
D) To check for high cholesterol
Answer:
A) To measure the blood's ability to form clots
A prothrombin time (PT) test evaluates the blood’s ability to clot by measuring how long it takes
for blood to clot after the addition of certain substances. It is often used to monitor patients on
anticoagulants.
, 10. What is the most likely cause of an elevated white blood cell count with a left
shift (presence of immature neutrophils)?
A) Chronic inflammation
B) Bacterial infection
C) Iron deficiency anemia
D) Viral infection
Answer:
B) Bacterial infection
A "left shift" refers to an increase in the number of immature neutrophils (bands) in the blood.
This is typically a sign of an acute bacterial infection, as the body releases these immature cells
to fight off the infection.
11. Which of the following is most commonly associated with a low platelet count
(thrombocytopenia)?
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Leukemia
C) Hypertension
D) Chronic liver disease
Answer:
B) Leukemia
Leukemia often results in thrombocytopenia because the bone marrow is producing abnormal
white blood cells, which can crowd out platelet production.
12. What is the most common method for determining blood glucose levels?
A) Urine test
B) Hemoglobin A1c test
C) Fasting blood glucose test
D) Random blood glucose test
Answer:
C) Fasting blood glucose test
The fasting blood glucose test is the most commonly used method for diagnosing and monitoring
diabetes by measuring blood sugar levels after fasting for at least 8 hours.
13. What does a "left shift" in a complete blood count (CBC) indicate?
#2| 201 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Course
AMT MLT
1. What is the purpose of a blood culture in microbiology?
A) To identify bacteria in the bloodstream
B) To measure red blood cell count
C) To determine blood oxygen levels
D) To test for viral infections
Answer:
A) To identify bacteria in the bloodstream
A blood culture is a test used to detect bacteria or other microorganisms in a blood sample,
which may indicate a bloodstream infection (bacteremia).
2. In hematology, what does the term "leukocytosis" refer to?
A) A low white blood cell count
B) A high white blood cell count
C) A decrease in red blood cell count
D) A high platelet count
Answer:
B) A high white blood cell count
Leukocytosis refers to an increase in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood,
which can be caused by infections, inflammation, or other conditions.
3. Which of the following is a common indicator of liver dysfunction in a blood
test?
A) Increased bilirubin levels
B) Decreased platelet count
C) Increased hemoglobin levels
D) Decreased creatinine levels
Answer:
A) Increased bilirubin levels
,Increased bilirubin levels in the blood are a common indicator of liver dysfunction, as the liver is
responsible for processing bilirubin. High bilirubin levels can lead to jaundice.
4. What is the primary function of the kidneys in relation to blood chemistry?
A) To produce red blood cells
B) To maintain blood oxygen levels
C) To filter waste products and regulate electrolyte balance
D) To synthesize insulin
Answer:
C) To filter waste products and regulate electrolyte balance
The kidneys filter waste from the blood and help regulate fluid, electrolyte, and pH balance.
They also excrete metabolic waste products, such as urea and creatinine.
5. In which of the following conditions would you expect an elevated hemoglobin
A1c level?
A) Acute infection
B) Well-controlled diabetes
C) Chronic kidney disease
D) Poorly controlled diabetes
Answer:
D) Poorly controlled diabetes
Hemoglobin A1c reflects the average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. Elevated
levels indicate poor long-term blood glucose control, which is common in poorly controlled
diabetes.
6. What is the significance of a positive "Coombs test"?
A) The presence of antibodies against red blood cells
B) The presence of bacteria in the blood
C) The presence of a viral infection
D) The presence of elevated white blood cells
Answer:
A) The presence of antibodies against red blood cells
A positive Coombs test indicates that the immune system is producing antibodies that attack red
blood cells, which can lead to hemolytic anemia.
,7. Which of the following is an essential component of a complete blood count
(CBC)?
A) Platelet count
B) Serum protein levels
C) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D) Total cholesterol level
Answer:
A) Platelet count
A complete blood count (CBC) includes measurements of red blood cells, white blood cells,
hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets.
8. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with kidney failure?
A) Hypercalcemia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypomagnesemia
Answer:
C) Hyperkalemia
In kidney failure, the kidneys are less able to excrete potassium, leading to hyperkalemia, which
can be life-threatening if left untreated.
9. What is the purpose of a "prothrombin time" (PT) test?
A) To measure the blood's ability to form clots
B) To evaluate liver function
C) To assess kidney function
D) To check for high cholesterol
Answer:
A) To measure the blood's ability to form clots
A prothrombin time (PT) test evaluates the blood’s ability to clot by measuring how long it takes
for blood to clot after the addition of certain substances. It is often used to monitor patients on
anticoagulants.
, 10. What is the most likely cause of an elevated white blood cell count with a left
shift (presence of immature neutrophils)?
A) Chronic inflammation
B) Bacterial infection
C) Iron deficiency anemia
D) Viral infection
Answer:
B) Bacterial infection
A "left shift" refers to an increase in the number of immature neutrophils (bands) in the blood.
This is typically a sign of an acute bacterial infection, as the body releases these immature cells
to fight off the infection.
11. Which of the following is most commonly associated with a low platelet count
(thrombocytopenia)?
A) Iron deficiency anemia
B) Leukemia
C) Hypertension
D) Chronic liver disease
Answer:
B) Leukemia
Leukemia often results in thrombocytopenia because the bone marrow is producing abnormal
white blood cells, which can crowd out platelet production.
12. What is the most common method for determining blood glucose levels?
A) Urine test
B) Hemoglobin A1c test
C) Fasting blood glucose test
D) Random blood glucose test
Answer:
C) Fasting blood glucose test
The fasting blood glucose test is the most commonly used method for diagnosing and monitoring
diabetes by measuring blood sugar levels after fasting for at least 8 hours.
13. What does a "left shift" in a complete blood count (CBC) indicate?
