Chapter 14: Genomes and
Genomics(36 questions and
answers)
annotation
The identification of all the functional elements of
a particular genome.
bioinformatics
Computational information systems and analytical
methods applied to biological problems such as
genomic analysis.
ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation assay)
The use of antibodies to isolate specific regions of
chromatin and to identify the regions of DNA to
which regulatory proteins are bound.
comparative genomics
Analysis of the relations of the genome sequences
of two or more species.
consensus sequence
The nucleotide sequence of a segment of DNA that
is derived by aligning similar sequences (either
from the same or different organisms) and
determining the most common nucleotide at each
position.
copy number variation (CNVs)
, The number of copies of parts of individual genes,
entire genes, or sets of genes that differ in
humans, including repeats and duplications that
increase copy number and deletions that reduce it.
DNA template library
A group of single-stranded DNA molecules that can
be amplified into many copies.
expressed sequence tag (EST)
A cDNA clone for which only the 5′ or the 3′ ends or
both have been sequenced; used to identify
transcript ends in genomic analysis.
functional genomics
The study of the patterns of transcript and protein
expression and of molecular interactions at a
genome-wide level.
genome project
A large-scale, often multilaboratory effort required
to sequence a complex genome.
genomic library
A library encompassing an entire genome.
genomics
The cloning and molecular characterization of
entire genomes.
homolog
A member of a pair of homologous chromosomes.
microarray
Genomics(36 questions and
answers)
annotation
The identification of all the functional elements of
a particular genome.
bioinformatics
Computational information systems and analytical
methods applied to biological problems such as
genomic analysis.
ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation assay)
The use of antibodies to isolate specific regions of
chromatin and to identify the regions of DNA to
which regulatory proteins are bound.
comparative genomics
Analysis of the relations of the genome sequences
of two or more species.
consensus sequence
The nucleotide sequence of a segment of DNA that
is derived by aligning similar sequences (either
from the same or different organisms) and
determining the most common nucleotide at each
position.
copy number variation (CNVs)
, The number of copies of parts of individual genes,
entire genes, or sets of genes that differ in
humans, including repeats and duplications that
increase copy number and deletions that reduce it.
DNA template library
A group of single-stranded DNA molecules that can
be amplified into many copies.
expressed sequence tag (EST)
A cDNA clone for which only the 5′ or the 3′ ends or
both have been sequenced; used to identify
transcript ends in genomic analysis.
functional genomics
The study of the patterns of transcript and protein
expression and of molecular interactions at a
genome-wide level.
genome project
A large-scale, often multilaboratory effort required
to sequence a complex genome.
genomic library
A library encompassing an entire genome.
genomics
The cloning and molecular characterization of
entire genomes.
homolog
A member of a pair of homologous chromosomes.
microarray
