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NR503 Epidemiology Midterm Study Guide (Version 1) / NR 503 Epidemiology Midterm Study Guide (New 2020): Population Health, Epidemiology & Statistical Principles: Chamberlain $15.49
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NR503 Epidemiology Midterm Study Guide (Version 1) / NR 503 Epidemiology Midterm Study Guide (New 2020): Population Health, Epidemiology & Statistical Principles: Chamberlain
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Course
NR503 (NR503)
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Chamberlain College Of Nursing
NR503 Epidemiology Midterm Study Guide (Version 1) / NR 503 Epidemiology Midterm Study Guide : Population Health, Epidemiology & Statistical Principles: Chamberlain
nr503 epidemiology midterm study guide version 1 nr 503 epidemiology midterm study guide population health
epidemiology statistical principles chamberlain
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NR503 Mid-Term Study Guide
1. Understand and compare the different measures of morbidity (p. 41-58)
Incidence rate is defined as the number of new cases of a disease that occur during a
specified period of time in a population at risk for developing the disease. Incidence rate
per 1,000=
No. of new cases of a disease occurring in the population during a specified period of time/
No. Of persons who are at risk of developing the disease during that period of time X 1,000.
Incidence is a measure of events; measure of risk (transition from non-diseased to
diseased).
Prevalence is defined as the number of affected persons present in the population at a
specific time divided by the number of persons in the population at that time. What
proportion of the population is affected by the disease at that time? No. of cases with
disease/No. Of persons in the population X 1,000. We don’t determine when the disease
developed; just a snapshot of who has it at that time. We can’t account for duration of the
disease.
a. Incidence and prevalence
i. Define
ii. Understand why data are important for measuring risk
iii. Interpret findings
iv. Understand the relationship between incidence and prevalence and impact of each on
duration of disease
Prevalence=Incidence X Duration of Disease
v. Calculate incidence rate
vi. Calculate prevalence rate
vii.Relationship between prevalence, incidence, and mortality
Prevalence and incidence are related by the duration of disease. If incidence is increasing
over time, then duration of illness has to decrease in order to keep the prevalence rate
constant. This may occur through better treatments to cure disease or through higher case-
, fatality rates as a disease becomes more lethal. Since incidence is increasing over time, it is
evident that risk is also increasing and that prevention efforts are not successful.
viii. Examples of incidence rates and prevalence rates
2. Surveillance
Active surveillance entails a concerted effort to collect information about disease
occurrence. It typically involves dedicated staff members who have been specifically
directed to contact physicians and hospitals in order to collect reports of disease cases in a
specified population. This activity requires a large amount of staff and resources in order
to accomplish its goals.
a. Importance of surveillance
b. Define and discuss passive versus active surveillance, including examples and advantages
and disadvantages of each
Passive surveillance denotes surveillance in which available data on reportable diseases are
used. Disadvantage: underreporting and lack of completeness of report from individuals
without additional funds or resources. Advantage: inexpensive and easy to develop
Active surveillance denotes a system in which project staff are recruited to carry out a
surveillance program. They make periodic field visits to identify new cases of a disease.
May involve interviewing doctors and patients and medical records. Advantage: Reporting
is more accurate. Disadvantage: More expensive
3. Understand, compare, and interpret the different measures of mortality, including
calculating and interpreting data in tables
a. Importance of having numerator (# of deaths) and denominators (population at risk) when
determining risk
b. Absolute number versus a rate
c. Mortality rates
Mortality: No. of deaths / No. of persons in the population X 1000
A mortality rate can approximate an incidence rate under conditions of a high case-fatality
rate and a short duration of disease.
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