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Samenvatting Politicologie
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Samenvatting Politicologie
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Samenvatting Politicologie 2014-20151
,Contents
1) Inleiding........................................................................................................................................11
2) Watis politiek?..............................................................................................................................11
2.1) Essentially contestedconcept?(W.B.Gallie)................................................................................12
2.5) De relativiteit van indelingen. Over SchmittenEaston................................................................13
2.5.1) CarlSchmitt.........................................................................................................................13
2.5.2) DavidEaston(systeembenadering).......................................................................................14
2.7) Politiekenconflicten...................................................................................................................15
2.2) Een disciplinemettaalproblemen...............................................................................................18
3) Benaderingen in de wetenschapderpolitiek.................................................................................18
3.1) Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................18
3.2) Behavioralisme..........................................................................................................................19
3.3) Institutionalisme........................................................................................................................20
3.4) Rationelekeuzebenaderingen....................................................................................................22
3.4.1) Speltheorie.........................................................................................................................22
3.4.2) Olsons theorie van hetcollectiefhandelen...........................................................................23
3.4.3) Theorieën over coalitieenregeringsvorming.......................................................................24
3.5) Systeembenaderingen...............................................................................................................25
3.6) Interpretatieve,constructivistischebenaderingen......................................................................26
3.7) Structurelebenaderingen...........................................................................................................27
3.8) Marxisme...................................................................................................................................28
4) Uitleiding......................................................................................................................................28
1) Inleiding........................................................................................................................................29
2) Waar komt‘ideologie’vandaan?....................................................................................................29
2.1) Geschiedenis van hetconceptideologie......................................................................................29
3) Watis ideologie?............................................................................................................................30
4) De morfologievanideologieën...................................................................................................31
5) Links en rechts: Een GPS indepolitiek?......................................................................................31
5.1) Oorsprongvanlinks-rechts......................................................................................................31
5.2) Relevantievanlinks-rechts..........................................................................................................32
5.3) Ontdubbelingvanlinks-rechts.....................................................................................................32
6.2) Liberalisme................................................................................................................................33
6.3) Conservatisme...........................................................................................................................35
6.3.1) Basispunten vanhet conservatisme.....................................................................................35
, 6.4) Socialisme..................................................................................................................................37
6.5) Nationalisme.............................................................................................................................39
6.6) Ecologisme................................................................................................................................40
1) Inleiding: Macht is eenmoeilijkvak................................................................................................41
2) Watis macht?................................................................................................................................41
2.1) De bestanddelen van macht: de visie vanDennisWrong............................................................42
3) Vormenvanmacht.........................................................................................................................43
4) Bronnenvanmacht........................................................................................................................44
5) Dimensiesvan macht.....................................................................................................................45
5.1) De eerste dimensie:Hetpluralisme.............................................................................................45
5.2) De tweede dimensie: de kritiek op het pluralisme van BachrachenBaratz................................47
5.3) De derde dimensie: de visie vanStevenLukes.............................................................................47
6) Potentiële,‘onzichtbare’macht?....................................................................................................48
7) Het metenvanmacht.....................................................................................................................49
8.1) Dereputatiemethode.................................................................................................................50
8.2) De decisie-ofbesluitvormingsmethode......................................................................................51
8.3) Heteffectenonderzoek...............................................................................................................51
8.4) De positiemethode enhetnetwerkonderzoek............................................................................51
8.5) Meting van macht in termenvanmachtsbronnen.......................................................................52
1) Inleiding: over de studievan elites................................................................................................53
2) Elite: oorsprong, beschrijvingencriteria........................................................................................53
3) Rule by all, rule by many of rule by thehappyfew?.......................................................................54
3.1) Pluralisme..................................................................................................................................55
3.2) Hetelitisme................................................................................................................................57
3.3) Het(neo)corporatisme...............................................................................................................58
4) Procesbenaderingen vanpolitiekerekrutering...............................................................................61
5) Centrale elementen van hetpolitiekerekruteringsproces..............................................................62
5.3)Kandidatenselectie.....................................................................................................................62
5.3.1) Methodesvankandidatenselectie........................................................................................62
1) Inleiding........................................................................................................................................64
2) Politiekecultuur............................................................................................................................64
2.1) Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................64
2.2) Wat is‘politiekecultuur’?............................................................................................................64
2.3) Thecivicculture..........................................................................................................................65
, 2.3.1) AlmondenVerba..................................................................................................................65
2.3.2) Politieke legitimiteit enpolitiekvertrouwen.........................................................................66
2.4) Subculturenenbreuklijnen.........................................................................................................67
2.4.1) Wat iseenbreuklijn?............................................................................................................67
2.4.2) LipsetenRokkan...................................................................................................................67
2.4.3) Postmaterialisme ennieuwebreuklijnen.............................................................................68
3) Politiekesocialisatie..........................................................................................................................69
3.1) Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................69
3.2) Wat ispolitiekesocialisatie?........................................................................................................69
4) Politiekeparticipatie......................................................................................................................69
4.1) Inleiding.....................................................................................................................................69
4.2) Verschillende benaderingen en evolutie vanhetconcept...........................................................70
4.3) Verschillende vormen vanpolitiekeparticipatie..........................................................................70
4.3.1) Sherry Arnstein: A ladder ofcitizenParticipation.................................................................70
4.3.2) Conventionele en niet-conventionele vormen vanpolitiekeparticipatie.............................70
4.3.3) Invited eninventedspaces...................................................................................................71
4.5)Stemgedrag................................................................................................................................73
4.5.3)Stemkeuze...........................................................................................................................73
5) Socialebewegingen.......................................................................................................................74
5.1) Inleiding: Een heelgrotefamilie..................................................................................................74
5.2) Begripsafbakening.....................................................................................................................75
5.3) Ontstaan van socialebewegingen..............................................................................................75
5.3.3) De theorie van derelatievedeprivatie..................................................................................75
5.3.4) The resourcemobilizationbenadering..................................................................................75
5.3.5) The politicalopportunitybenadering...................................................................................76
5.4) Organisatorischeevolutie...........................................................................................................76
6) Uitleiding......................................................................................................................................77
1) Inleiding: Wat is eenpolitiekepartij?..............................................................................................78
2) Het ontstaan vanpolitiekepartijen.................................................................................................79
2.1) Deinstitutionelebenadering.......................................................................................................79
2.2) Hettraditionelebreuklijnenmodel..............................................................................................80
3) Typologieënvanpartijen....................................................................................................................81
3.1) Kaderpartijenvs.massapartijen..................................................................................................82
3.2) DeCatch-allparty........................................................................................................................83
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