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Geneeskunde obesitas Hoorcollege

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Collegedictaat van 2 pagina's voor het vak Kennislijn chronisch zieken aan de HR (HBO-Verpleegkunde)

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Uploaded on
September 24, 2020
Number of pages
2
Written in
2018/2019
Type
Class notes
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Geneeskunde obesitas
Overgewicht en obesitas – BMI
- Overgewicht, vetzucht (adipositas) en obesitas > vaak door elkaar heen gebruikt
- Lichaamsgewicht als graadmeter afstemming energetische waarde voeding en behoefte
individu interpretatiefouten!
- BMI=kg/m2 > 62 kg en lengte 1.70 m > BMI = 21,5




Prevalentie obesitas

Oorzaken overgewicht en obesitas’
- Gevolg van langdurig positieve energiebalans, vaak geen enkelvoudige oorzaak
- Factoren die eraan bijdragen
o Gebrek aan lichamelijke activiteit
o Vetrijke voeding, alcohol; lage inname voedingsvezels, groente en fruit
o Obesogene omgeving, aangeleerd gedrag
o Genetische factoren
o Corticosteroïden, serotonine-gebrek, oestrogenen, endorfinen
o Compensatie negatieve emoties
o Lijngericht eetgedrag > negatief zelfbeeld
Gevolgen overgewicht obesitas
- Jaarlijks 40.000 ziektegevallen en 7000 sterfgevallen
- 5% van de sterfgevallen door obesitas
- Arbeidsongeschiktheid en vermindering kwaliteit van leven
- Geringe levensverwachting
- Ziekten die samenhangen met (ernstig) overgewicht:
o Diabetes mellitus type 2
o Hart en vaatziekten
o Aandoeningen van de galblaas
o Aandoeningen van het bewegingsstelsel
o Enkele soorten kanker (hormoon gerelateerd, kanker aan spijsverteringsorganen)
o Aandoeningen van de ademhalingsorganen (verminderde longfunctie, slaapapneu)
o Menstruatiestoornissen
o Onvruchtbaarheid (vrouwen)
o Psychosociale problemen

Behandeling overgewicht en obesitas
- Verlagen energie-intake
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