Exam (elaborations)
CHAPTER 13 QUIZ QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
- Course
- PATHO 370 (PATHO370)
- Institution
- West Coast University
CHAPTER 13 QUIZ QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
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Chapter 13: Alterations in Oxygen TransportTest BankMULTIPLE CHOICE1.The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by thea.bone marrow.b.kidney.c.lung.d.liver.ANS: BErythropoietin is a hormone that is secreted into the bloodstream by the kidney. Bone marrow is not responsible for the production of erythropoietin. Hypoxia from low hemoglobin levels causes a decrease in tissue oxygen tension in the kidney, thereby releasing the hormone erythropoietin. The liver is not associated with erythropoietin production.REF: Pg. 2612.Which condition is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count?a.Renal diseaseb.Aplastic anemiac.Hypertensiond.Hemolytic anemiaANS: DHemolytic anemia is associated with an increased number of circulating reticulocytes or reticulocytosis. Anemia of chronic renal failure is not associated with reticulocytosis. Rather, it occurs from failure of the renal endocrine function. Aplastic anemia is a stem cell disorder that is characterized by pancytopenia, a decrease in red cells, white cells, and platelets. Hypertension is not related to reticulocytosis.REF: Pg. 2803.The strength of the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is known as thea.Bohr effect.b.oxygen-hemoglobin affinity.c.dissociation curve.d.hemoglobin synthesis.ANS: BThe strength of the bond between oxygen and hemoglobin is called the oxygen-hemoglobin affinity. Hemoglobin saturation is higher when oxygen infinity is increased, and saturation is lower when affinity is decreased. The Bohr effect occurs when the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve experiences a shift due to changes in PCO2 and H+ concentration. The dissociation curve describes the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and hemoglobin saturation. Hemoglobin synthesis occurs in the immature red cell.REF: Pg. 2654.An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs witha.hyperthermia.b.shift to the right.c.elevated PCO2.d.shift to the left.ANS: DAn increase in oxygen affinity is known as a shift to the left on the dissociation curve. Hyperthermia does not have an effect on the hemoglobin affinity. Elevation in PCO2 is seen with changes in pH. A decrease in the oxygen affinity is associated with a shift to the right on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.REF: Pg. 2675.What is necessary for red blood cell production?a.Phosphateb.Ironc.Magnesiumd.CalciumANS: BImmature red blood cells produce hemoglobin, which is composed of two pairs of polypeptide chains, the globins. Each globin has an attached heme molecule that contains iron. Dietary iron is transported through the plasma on the RBC membrane. Phosphates are not a necessary component of red blood cell production. Magnesium is not a part of the production of red blood cells. Calcium is not involved in red blood cell production.REF: Pg. 2616.Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body, because theya.contain cytoplasmic proteins.b.have no cytoplasmic organelles.c.have a longer life span.d.contain glycolytic enzymes.ANS: BRed blood cells have no cytoplasmic organelles, nucleus, mitochondria, or ribosomes. Therefore, RBCs cannot synthesize protein or carry out oxidative reactions. Red blood cells are not capable of synthesizing protein because of their lack of organelles. Red blood cells live for 80 to 120 days in the circulation and then die and are replaced. Red blood cells do not contain glycolytic enzymes.The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
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