, Inhoudsopgave
Hoofdstuk 1: Bedden en huidintegriteit.................................................................................................6
Paragraaf 1.1 – Bedden......................................................................................................................6
1.1.3 - Speciale bedden...................................................................................................................7
Paragraaf 1.2 – Huidaandoeningen....................................................................................................8
1.2.1 – Decubitus............................................................................................................................8
1.2.2 – Skin tears............................................................................................................................9
1.2.3 – Intertrigo.............................................................................................................................9
1.2.4 – Incontinentie dermatitis....................................................................................................10
Paragraaf 1.3 – Bedden opmaken.....................................................................................................11
Hoofdstuk 2 – Persoonlijke verzorging.................................................................................................12
Paragraaf 1 – Lichamelijke verzorging..............................................................................................12
2.1.1 – Wassen..............................................................................................................................12
2.1.2 – Mondverzorging................................................................................................................12
2.1.3 – Haarverzorging..................................................................................................................14
2.1.4 – Verzorging van de schaamstreek......................................................................................14
2.1.5 – Oogverzorging...................................................................................................................14
2 VTV – Blok 1 Gezondheid
2.1.6 – Voetverzorging..................................................................................................................15
Paragraaf 2 – Wassen en baden.......................................................................................................16
Paragraaf 3 – Avondzorg...................................................................................................................18
Paragraaf 4 – Mondverzorging.........................................................................................................18
Paragraaf 5 – Haarverzorging...........................................................................................................20
Paragraaf 6 – Verzorging van de voeten...........................................................................................20
Paragraaf 7 – Verzorging van onderstreek, urinaal en toiletstoel.....................................................20
Paragraaf 9 – Verzorging van ogen en hoortoestel...........................................................................20
Hoofdstuk 3 – Vitale parameters..........................................................................................................23
Paragraaf 1 – Vitale functies.............................................................................................................23
3.1.1 - Factoren die van invloed zijn op de vitale parameters......................................................24
Paragraaf 2 – Lichaamstemperatuur................................................................................................25
3.2.1 – Regelmechanismen...........................................................................................................25
3.2.2 – Het meten van de lichaamstemperatuur: tempen............................................................26
Paragraaf 4 – Ademhaling.................................................................................................................28
3.4.1 – Observeren en beoordelen van de ademhaling................................................................28
Paragraaf 6 – Lichaamstemperatuur................................................................................................30
Hoofdstuk 5 – Transfer en lichaamshouding........................................................................................31
2
, Paragraaf 1 – Bewegingsapparaat....................................................................................................31
5.1.1 – Skeletspieren....................................................................................................................31
5.1.2 – Gewrichten.......................................................................................................................31
5.1.3 – Beenderen........................................................................................................................31
Paragraaf 2 – Afwijkingen van het bewegingsapparaat....................................................................33
Paragraaf 3 – Preventieve maatregelen...........................................................................................34
Paragraaf 4 – Transfertechniek.........................................................................................................35
Paragraaf 5 – Transfer van patiënten...............................................................................................37
Hoofdstuk 7 – Infectiepreventie...........................................................................................................38
Paragraaf 1 – Infectieketen...............................................................................................................38
7.1.1 – Ziektekiem........................................................................................................................38
7.1.2 – Besmettingsbron...............................................................................................................38
7.1.3 – Porte de sortie..................................................................................................................38
7.1.4 – Besmettingsweg................................................................................................................38
7.1.5 – Porte d’entrée...................................................................................................................39
7.1.6 – Gevoelige gastheer...........................................................................................................39
Paragraaf 2 – Barrières tegen infectie..............................................................................................40
7.2.1 – De aangeboren immuniteit van het lichaam.....................................................................41
3 VTV – Blok 1 Gezondheid
Paragraaf 3 – Omstandigheden die vatbaar maken voor infecties...................................................42
7.3.1 – Infectie van operatiewonden............................................................................................42
7.3.2 – Antibacteriële afweermechanismen.................................................................................42
7.3.3 – Ademhalingsstelsel...........................................................................................................43
7.3.4 – Urogenitale organen.........................................................................................................43
7.3.5 – Invasieve lijnen.................................................................................................................43
7.3.6 – Venapuncties....................................................................................................................44
7.3.7 – Volledig parenterale voeding............................................................................................44
7.3.8 – Geïmplanteerde protheses...............................................................................................44
Paragraaf 4 – Nosocomiale infecties (HAI)........................................................................................46
7.4.1 – Clostridium difficile...........................................................................................................46
7.4.2 – MRSA................................................................................................................................46
7.4.3 – VRE....................................................................................................................................47
7.4.4 – Carbapenemresistentie.....................................................................................................47
7.4.5 – Infecties van de operatieplaats.........................................................................................47
Paragraaf 5 – Infectiepreventie........................................................................................................48
7.5.1 – Fundamentele principes...................................................................................................49
7.5.2 – Prikaccidenten..................................................................................................................50
3
, Paragraaf 9 – Medische basisasepsis................................................................................................52
Paragraaf 10 – Algemene preventie van besmetting........................................................................53
Paragraaf 11 – Quarantaine..............................................................................................................54
Hoofdstuk 10 – Medicijnen toedienen.................................................................................................56
Paragraaf 1 – Definitie medicijnen....................................................................................................56
Paragraaf 2 – Farmacokinetiek.........................................................................................................57
10.2.1 – Absorptie........................................................................................................................57
10.2.2 – Distributie.......................................................................................................................58
10.2.3 – Eliminatie........................................................................................................................59
10.2.4 – Overige beïnvloede factoren...........................................................................................59
Paragraaf 3 – Voorschrijven en veilig toedienen van medicijnen.....................................................61
10.3.1 – Bevoegdheid...................................................................................................................61
10.3.2 – Receptuur.......................................................................................................................61
10.3.3 – De regel van vijf..............................................................................................................62
10.3.4 – Controles en veiligheid....................................................................................................63
Paragraaf 4 - Medicijnen controleren en uitzetten...........................................................................66
10.4.2 – Geneesmiddeldistributiesysteem...................................................................................66
10.4.3 – Medicijnen uitzetten.......................................................................................................67
4 VTV – Blok 1 Gezondheid
10.4.5 – De opiatenvoorraad controleren....................................................................................67
Paragraaf 5 – Medicijnen delen........................................................................................................68
10.5.2 – Medicijnen delen............................................................................................................68
Paragraaf 6 – Orale toediening van medicijnen................................................................................69
10.6.2 – Klaarmaken en toedienen van orale medicijnen.............................................................69
10.6.3 – Toediening van medicijnen via een maagsonde.............................................................70
10.6.4 – Toediening van orale medicijnen aan kinderen..............................................................70
Paragraaf 7 – Toediening van medicijnen via de huid......................................................................71
10.7.3 – Aanbrengen van transdermale pleisters.........................................................................71
Paragraaf 8 – Toediening van medicijnen op slijmvliezen................................................................72
10.8.2 – Het toedienen van sublinguale medicijnen.....................................................................72
10.8.3 – Het toedienen van medicijnen in de wangzak; buccale toediening................................72
10.8.4 – Het indruppelen van oogdruppels; oculaire toediening..................................................72
10.8.5 – Aanbrengen van oogzalf; oculaire toediening.................................................................73
10.8.6 – Irrigatie van het oog........................................................................................................73
10.8.7 – Toediening van oormedicijnen; aurale toediening..........................................................73
10.8.8 – Medicijnen toedienen via de neus; nasale toediening....................................................74
10.8.9 – Het rectaal toedienen van medicijnen............................................................................74
4
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