MED SURG; GI QUIZZES: MEDICAL-SURGICAL ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL TEST BANK_ ANSWERED/ELABORATED 2022.

A. To visualize polyps in the colon B. To detect an ulceration in the stomach C. To identify an obstruction in the biliary tract D. To determine the presence of free air in the abdomen - Ans-A. A sigmoidoscopy or barium enema is used to visualize the lower gastrointestinal tract, where polyps are found. B. CORRECT: An EGD is used to visualize the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum with a lighted tube to detect a tumor, ulceration, or obstruction. C. Identifying an obstruction in the biliary tract is performed during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). D. The measurement of free air, which is a gas, is obtained using fluoroscopy or an x-ray, not an EGD.

Gamma-gluramyl transferase (GGT) B. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) C. Serum bilirubin D. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT] - Ans-A. CORRECT: The GGT laboratory test is specific to the hepatobiliary system in which levels can be raised by alcohol and hepatotoxic drugs. Therefore, it is useful for monitoring drug toxicity and excessive alcohol use. B. ALP is elevated in biliary obstruction and most forms of liver dysfunction. It does not differentiate between alcohol and other causative factors for liver disease. C. The serum bilirubin test is used to detect the function of the liver and its ability to excrete bilirubin. Elevated levels can determine liver disease or biliary tract disease. D. The largest concentration of the enzyme ALT is found in liver tissue. However. it is also present in kidney, heart. and skeletal muscle tissues. Because it is elevated in various toes of tissue damage. it is not helpful in identifying excessive alcohol use