Test Bank: Stress and Disease Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology , 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A female student is driving to school when another driver nearly hits her. Her heart begins beating harder and faster as she becomes aroused and scared. Which of the following stages of the general adaptation syndrome is she experiencing? a. Alarm stage b. Stage of resistance c. Adaptation d. Exhaustion ANS: A The alarm stage, the initial reaction, is manifested by arousal of the b...

Test Bank: Genes and Genetic Diseases Huether : Understanding Pathophysiology,7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A nurse recalls the basic components of DNA are: a. pentose sugars and four phosphate bases. b. a phosphate molecule, deoxyribose, and four nitrogenous bases. c. adenine, guanine, and purine. d. codons, oxygen, and cytosine. ANS: B The three basic components of DNA are deoxyribose; a phosphate molecule; and four types of nitrogenous, not phosphate, bases. DNA does not contai...

Test Bank: Cellular Biology Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student? a. A single circular chromosome b. A nucleus c. Free-floating nuclear material d. No organelles ANS: B The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its nucleus; thus, the nucl...

Test Bank: Alterations in Immunity Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When a patient asks the nurse what hypersensitivity is, how should the nurse respond? Hypersensitivity is best defined as: a. a reduced immune response found in most pathologic states. b. a normal immune response to an infectious agent. c. an excessive or inappropriate response of the immune system to a sensitizing antigen. d. antigenic desensitization. ANS: C Hypersensitivity ...

Test Bank Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. An immunologist is discussing endotoxin production. Which information should the immunologist include? Endotoxins are produced by: a. gram-negative bacteria. b. gram-positive bacteria. c. gram-negative fungi. d. gram-positive fungi. ANS: A Endotoxins are produced by gram-negative bacteria. They are not produced by gram-positive bacteria or any type of fung...

Test Bank: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A public health nurse is teaching the community about health promotion. Which information should the nurse include for innate immunity? Innate immunity is gained: a. following an illness. b. at birth. c. via injection of specific antibodies. d. in adulthood. ANS: B Innate immunity is present at birth, and is considered the body’s first line of defense....

Test Bank: Adaptive Immunity Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which of the following is responsible for initiating clonal selection? a. T cells b. B cells c. Antigens d. Lymphocytes ANS: C The lymphocytes remain dormant until an antigen initiates clonal selection. T cells do not initiate clonal selection. B cells are antibodies. Lymphocytes are released into the circulation as immature cells that react with antigens. 2. Which patient will de...

TEST BANK: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A nurse is reviewing lab reports. The nurse recalls blood plasma is located in which of the following fluid compartments? a. Intracellular fluid (ICF) b. Extracellular fluid (ECF) c. Interstitial fluid d. Intravascular fluid ANS: D Blood plasma is the intravascular fluid. ICF is fluid in the cells. ECF is all the fluid outside the cells. Interstitial fluid is f...

Test Bank: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology Huether: Understanding Pathophysiology, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A report comes back indicating that muscular atrophy has occurred. A nurse recalls that muscular atrophy involves a decrease in muscle cell: a. number. b. size. c. vacuoles. d. lipofuscin. ANS: B Atrophy is a decrease or shrinkage in cellular size. Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells. Vacuoles are membrane-bound vesicles within the cell that contain ce...