Family Medicine Board

Syndrome of rapidly deteriorating GFR w/ azotemia Correct Answer: AKI What is azotemia? Correct Answer: Accum of nitrogenous waste Which type of AKI is characterized by: Increased BUN:Cr ratio (20:1) Urine osmolality >500 Correct Answer: Pre-renal Which type of AKI is characterized by: Increased urine sodium >40 UA: granular casts, WBC and casts, RBC and casts, proteinuria, tubular epithelial cells Correct Answer: Intrinsic What causes pre-renal AKI? Correct Answer:...

URGENT CARE: Respiratory arrest has a multitude of causes including pulmonary, cardiac, neurologic, toxic/metabolic, etc. Name some. Correct Answer: COPD, asthma, foreign objects, angioedema, DKA, cancer etc. Abnormal breath sounds: ____is an airway obstruction. ____ suggests obstruction above the vocal cords and ___ suggests obstruction below the vocal cords. ____suggests obstruction below the level of the trachea. ____suggests presence of interalveolar fluid (PNA), pulmonary fibrosis. ...

A 42-year-old Asian male presents for follow-up of elevated blood pressure. He has no additional chronic medical problems and is otherwise asymptomatic. An examination is significant for a blood pressure of 162/95 mm Hg but is otherwise unremarkable. Laboratory Findings unremarkable Urine microalbumin negative According to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association 2017 guidelines, which one of the following would be the most appropriate medication to initiate at this ti...