ABRSM Music Theory

1. forte loud 2. mezzo forte moderately loud ('half' loud) 3. fortissimo very loud 4. piano soft 5. pianissimo very soft 6. mezzo piano moderately soft ('half' soft) 7. crescendo (cresc.) getting louder 8. decrescendo (or decresc.) getting softer (same as diminuendo) 9. diminuendo (dim.) getting softer (same as decrescendo) 10. allegro fast (lively, cheerful) 11. allegretto rather fast (but not as fast as allegro) 12. al...

1. Acciaccatura Grace note, crushed note 2. Appoggiatura Leaning note 3. Strings Violin, viola, cello, double bass 4. Woodwind Flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon 5. Percussion Timpani, side drum , bass drum, cymbals 6. Treble clef G clef (violin, flute, oboe, clarinet, horn, trumpet) 7. Alto clef C clef (viola) 8. Bass clef F clef (cello, double bass, bassoon, trombone, tuba, tim- pani) 9. Brass horn, trumpet, trombone, tuba 10. con sordini with mutes 11. senza sordini ...

1. Allargando Broadening 2. Allegro assai Very quick 3. Andantino lightly faster than andante 4. Grave Very slow and solemn 5. Larghetto Rather slow 6. Largo Slow and stately 7. Presto Very fast 8. Vivace Lively and quickly 9. Vivo Lively and quickly 10. Fortepiano Loud then immediately soft 11. Sforzando Forced, accented 12. Sforzato Forced, accented 13. Dolce Sweetly 14. Espressivo Expressive 15. Giocoso Playfully, merry 16. Grazioso Gracefully 1...