Bio 254 final 2024 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Distinguish between endocrine and exocrine glands. -ANSWER Endocrine: - ductless (secretion --> blood) - secrete hormones -they control long term of target organs (pituitary and thyroid) Exocrine: - may or may not have ducts - secrete enzymes - control short term (salivary and sweat glands) Explain what makes a cell a target cell for a hormone. -ANSWER Target cells contain protein or glycoprotein receptors, that are specific for a particular hormone. ( have their own specific bind...

pathway of sperm -ANSWER testis→epididymis→ductus deferencs→ejaculatory duct→urethra What does FSH do in men -ANSWER Sperm production LH in men -ANSWER stimulates interstitial cells to produce testosterone LH in women -ANSWER triggers ovulation FSH in women -ANSWER Stimulates follicles in ovaries to make estrogen What is the third cell in the testes called -ANSWER Sustentacular cell What does sustentacular cells do? -ANSWER Regulates for spermatocytosis Produce inhib...

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - ANSWERFemale- promotes development of ovarian follicle- stimulates estrogen secretion Male- promotes development of testes- stimulates sperm production luteinizing hormone (LH) - ANSWERFemale- triggers ovulation, promotes development of corpus luteum Male- stimulates production of testosterone What happens during ovulation? - ANSWERRupture of the mature follicle with expulsion of its ovum into the pelvic cavity Occurs on cycle day 14 Rise in tem...

Job duty of soft palate -ANSWER to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity Alimentary Canal -ANSWER mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus Accessory Organs -ANSWER liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands Layers of the alimentary canal -ANSWER mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa Mucosa layer -ANSWER Most digestion and absorption happens in this layer Muscularis layer -ANSWER Starts at the pharynx and ends at the anus. Stimulat...

Trends in Plant Evolution Chlorophyta ancestor -ANSWER ancestor of modern land plants: - Spores produced in tetrads - Parental plant retains fertilized egg - Alteration of generations: haploid gametophyte & diploid sporophyte -Biochemical similarity: chlorophylls & starch Trends in Plant Evolution Vascular tissue -ANSWER -Lower devonian --first fossil evidence of vascular tissue and stomates -Mid devonian --evidence of secondary xylem - Protogymnosperms: secondary growth and seed ...

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What is necessary for LH to function? - ANSWERFSH When will a secondary oocyte finish meiosis and become a mature gamete? - ANSWERAfter fertilization What is secreted from the adrenal medulla? - ANSWEREpinephrine What does the pineal gland do? - ANSWERExcretes melatonin and regulates the day and night cycle What is excreted from the adrenal cortex besides cortisol? - ANSWERAldosterone. Regulated by the RAS process What is the target for aldosterone? - ANSWERKidney What is the s...