Hs 350 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Signs - ANS direct observations by an examiner Symptoms - ANS complaints reported by the patients Syndrome - ANS a collection of clinical signs, symptoms, and data (vs disease) Etiology - ANS the cause of disease (vs risk factor) Pathology - ANS the study of changes in bodily structure and function that occur as a result of disease Epi - ANS on/over/near/outer Demos - ANS people Logos - ANS study...

Oxidative stress - Answer May result from cell injury. Cells exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may cause cell damage if not scavenged by antioxidant enzymes Cells adapting by size - Answer Hypertrophy: Increase Atrophy: Decrease Cells adapting by number - Answer Hyperplasia: Increase Hypoplasia: Decrease Metaplasia - Answer one cell type is replaced by another cell type Dysplasia - Answer Deranged cell growth resulting in varying sizes, shapes, and disorganization ...

Why Parkinson's Disease and Alzheimer's Disease - ANS Incidence of both increases with age Population is aging (2030, proportion of the population >65, 20%) Huge impact on health care (NIA projecting 14 million with AD by 2040) Alzheimer's disease - ANS Most common cause of dementia (65%) Begins after 60, risk goes up with age PROGRESSIVE loss of cognitive function ---memory ---judgment and reasoning ---movement coordination Central Nervous System Involveme...

T or F: It is common to be infected with HIV through kissing because HIV is found in saliva. - ANS False T or F: In the 1980s, condom use and clean needle programs were highly favorable and widely accepted public health strategies to prevent HIV transmission. - ANS False T or F: Heterosexual men and women cannot get HIV. - ANS False T or F: There is no cure for HIV. - ANS True T or F: HIV was identified as the virus causing AIDS within a few da...

Bacteria is? - Answer prokaryote -cell wall -No nucleus -Most can produce outside host T/F? PAMPS can be found on various locations of the bacteria - Answer True.. T/F bacteria components cannot evade immune response - Answer False Some parts can Bacteria Classification Shape - Answer bacillus (pl. bacilli) •coccus(pl. cocci) •spirochetes Bacteria Classification - Answer Gram-positive Gram-negative gram postive bacteria - Answer appear purple in a Gram stain (sta...

corroborates - ANS Collection is the bedrock of intelligence as it supports and __________ analysis. Collection - ANS INTS belong to the ____________ process of the Intelligence Cycle. 1.Nature of information sought. 2.Ability to acquire it. - ANS The process required to collect depends on: Intelligence Surveillance Reconnaissance - ANS The military refers to collection in terms of "ISR" What is ISR? T - ANS Top sheet indicates...

T or F: It is common to be infected with HIV through kissing because HIV is found in saliva. - Answer False T or F: In the 1980s, condom use and clean needle programs were highly favorable and widely accepted public health strategies to prevent HIV transmission. - Answer False T or F: Heterosexual men and women cannot get HIV. - Answer False T or F: There is no cure for HIV. - Answer True T or F: HIV was identified as the virus causing AIDS within a few days of the first identified A...

Which of the following is NOT an obstructive pulmonary disease? Emphysema Asthma Pulmonary hypertension Bronchitis - Answer pulmonary hypertension Type 1 diabetes is associated with which one of the following? Autoimmunity Young age at onset Risk of ketoacidosis All of the above - Answer all of the above Which of the following is NOT associated with nephrotic syndrome? Decreased glomerular permeability Proteinuria Hypoproteinemia Edema Compensatory protein synthesi...

What tissues/ organs are part of the immune system? - Answer -tonsils and adenoids -thymus -appendix -lymphatic vessels -lymph nodes -spleen -peyer's patches -bone marrow Describe the basic functions of the immune system - Answer -Innate immunity - nonspecific -Includes "danger/damage signals" -Specific immunity - recognition of foreign "antigens" -Vast capacity for recognition of foreign antigens (gene rearrangement) -Immunologic "memory" -Tolerance for self Answer...

What is NOT a feature of a gram positive bacteria? - Answer It is not pink/red - appears purple with thick peptidoglycan Which of the following is true of endotoxins? - Answer A lipopolysaccharide that is part of the cell wall that gets released on destruction of bacteria (PAMP) Which of the following fictional bacteria might be shaped like small spheres? - Answer Bacteria with "cocci" in the name Which of the following diseases' symptoms are NOT caused by a toxin? - Answer diseas...