Microbiology 301 exam - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Lack a nucleus or membrane bound organelles, usually unicellular. Smaller and simpler than most eukaryotic cells. Contain two types of domain Bacteria and Archaea. - ANSWER Prokaryotic cells Ridged cell wall contains peptidoglycan. Includes a nucleoid (no nucleus) with no membrane- bound organelles. Multiply by binary fission - cell enlarges then divides - ANSWER Bacteria Bacterial shapes: Coccus Rods (bacillus) Coccobacillus Vibrio Spirillum Spirochete - ANSWER - Coccus - spherical ...

The instrument that produces a bright image of the specimen against a dark background is called a (n) ___________ microscope A. phase-contrast B. electron C. bright-field D. dark-field - ANSWER Dark-field After the decolorizer has been added in the Gram stain, gram-positive organisms are stained _________ and gram-negative organisms are stained ________ A. purple; purple B. purple; colorless C. purple; pink D. pink; pink - ANSWER Purple; Colorless

A virion (viral particle) is composed of - ANSWER protein, either RNA or DNA, and possibly lipid Capsid - ANSWER the protein coat of a virion it protects the nucleic acid from enzymes and toxic chemicals in the environment Enveloped viruses - ANSWER Contains a lipid bilayer Acquire their enveloped from the cytoplasmic membrane of the host cell Acquire the envelope from the membrane of an organelle in eukaryotic infections Non-enveloped viruses - ANSWER viruses that don't contain an envelo...

major modes of regulation - ANSWER -proteins are enzymes that carry out biochemical reactions -constitutive proteins needed at same level -microbial genomes encode proteins that aren't needed all the time -regulation conserves energy/resources two major levels of regulation within the cell - ANSWER one controls the amount of an enzyme -level of transcription -translation -slower process (minutes)

Microorganism - ANSWER a microscopic organism (>1mm) consisting of a singe cell, cell cluster or virus Importance of Microorganisms - ANSWER oldest form of life, largest mass of living material on Earth, carry out major bioecochemical cycles, live in places unsuitable for others, life forms need microorganisms to survive Microorganisms are the original source of - ANSWER antibiotics, flavors, insulin Structures: Prokaryotic - ANSWER Bacteria and Archaea

In what structure is chromatin found? DNA RNA Ribosomes ALL genetic material - ANSWER DNA Describe the function of: tRNA RNA polymerase mRNA snRNA DNA polymerase

MIC 301 EXAM 2 ( Microbiology) Questions And Answers 2024/2025 A+ Review What does 'obligate' mean when one refers to viruses as 'obligate intracellular parasites'? - ANSObligate means that they depend on the host to make energy and replicate. Are prions obligate intracellular parasites? - ANS-Yes, because they use genes from the host to replicate. Have we been successful in eliminating the disease polio in humans? - ANS-NO What disease do the rotaviruses cause that have such a large pu...

. What best describes a 'Microbe'? (Lecture 1) a. A form of life that is relatively simple. b. A form of life that can make an animal sick. c. A form of life that requires a microscope to observe. d. A form of life that consists of a single cell. - ANSWER D