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QUESTION What are the factors interfering with urinary elimination? Answer: total loss of kidney's ability to manufacture urine, decreased kidney profusion, blockage of the ureters, disruption of the bladder by tumor or trauma, infection, neurologic damage to the nerves, prostate surgery QUESTION What is the normal urinary elimination for infants? Answer: 5-40 times a day QUESTION What is the normal urinary elimination for preschool children? Answer: every 2 hours QUESTION What i...

QUESTION When the pH and HCO3 are in the same direction, this is a------ problem Answer: a metabolic problem QUESTION respiratory acidosis causes Answer: hypoventilation QUESTION respiratory acidosis treatments Answer: Maintain airway, preventative meds like bron- chodilators QUESTION respiratory alkalosis causes Answer: hyperventilation, severe vomiting, excessive GI suctioning, diuretics, excessive NaHCO3QUESTION respiratory alkalosis treatment Answer: slow breathing, help t...

QUESTION • Shock - As a nurse, how do you recognize shock in your patient? • What are the early and late signs and symptoms? Cardiogenic shock - Know the causes (risk factors) Answer: MI/Heart attack CHF Hypertension Peripheral vascular disease • Kidney disease Type 2 diabetes QUESTION o Know the signs and symptoms Answer: MI symptoms seen initially Chest pain Jaw pain Diaphoresis (sweating) Nausea Dizziness Pallor Peripheral edema Irregular heartbeat Lung congestion QUESTION Hy...

QUESTION symptoms of fluid imbalances Answer: Hypervolemia (too much fluid): increased uri- nation, dilute urine Hypovolemia (decreased fluid): decreased urination, concentrated urine QUESTION Osmosis Answer: Movement of pure solvent (liquid) across a semipermeable mem- brane. Literally pulls water in and out of cells by osmotic pressure. (Used by sodium to control body's fluid balance) Pressure moves water from area of lesser concentration of solutes to the area of greater concentr...

QUESTION what is the best neurological indicator of a patient's current condition Answer: level of consciousness QUESTION contusion Answer: bruise, can lead to increased ICP. QUESTION coup-contrecoup injury Answer: A brain injury that occurs when force is applied to the head. coup is the head being thrown forward while contre-coup is the head being thrown back. QUESTION subdural hematoma Answer: collection of blood under the dura mater. venous injury will bleed slowly. symptoms ...

QUESTION a nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which of the following responses should the nurse make first? Answer: the nurse needs to recognize that this is something they are experiences so they might say "i do not hear what you are hearing" QUESTION A nurse is caring for a client who just experienced a generalized seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? Answer: -make sure they are safe -LOC -stay with the per...

QUESTION Hormones in the urinary tract Answer: -aldosterone -antidiuretic hormone (ADH) -atrial natriuretic hormone -erythropoietin -calcitriol (active vitamin d) -renin -parathyroid hormone -cortisol QUESTION Aldosterone -action Answer: increases the re-absorption of sodium QUESTIONantidiuretic hormone (ADH) -action Answer: -increases permeability in the tubules and re-absorption of water QUESTION atrial natriuretic hormone -action Answer: -increases the secretion of sod...

QUESTION Signs of contamination of IV solution Answer: Cloudy, Particles visible QUESTION Hyponatremia risk factors Answer: Loss of sodium due to sweating, use of diuretics; gain of water due to hypotonic tube feedings, excessive intake of water; caused by head injury, AIDS, malignant tumors. Excess water, inadequate sodium in take, low sodium diet. QUESTION Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) Answer: Principal chemical compounds that living things use to store and release energy. QUESTIO...

QUESTION During the initial assessment of a neurological disorder you should obtain Answer: baseline vitals QUESTION level of consciousness Answer: a patient's responsiveness QUESTION Glasgow coma scale (GCS) Answer: eye-opening motor and verbal response, scores range from 3-15 QUESTION Pupils - PERRLA Answer: pupils equal, round, reactive to light and accommodationQUESTION types of head injuries Answer: concussion, contusion, subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma, intracranial...

QUESTION How does the bladder impact involution and bleeding Answer: A distended bladder pushes the uterus upward and usually to one side of the abdomen. The fundus may be boggy or firm. If not emptied, a distended bladder can result in uterine atony and hemorrhage because it interferes with the normal contraction of the uterus. QUESTION Postpartum blues, depression Baby blues Answer: resultant from hormonal shift after delivery First few postpartal days peak on the 5th day subside ove...