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feminism - international politics
why 'feminism' and not 'human rights'? 
- feminism is part of human rights in general-- human rights is vague and used to deny the specific 
problem of gender 
- it would be a way of pretending that it was not women who have suffered for centuries. 
- the problem is not about being human; but about being a female human 
what is gender? 
a social construct 
the social construction of gender: 'throwing like a girl' 
- According to feminist theorists, these binary oppositions (like 'throwing...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages •
why 'feminism' and not 'human rights'? 
- feminism is part of human rights in general-- human rights is vague and used to deny the specific 
problem of gender 
- it would be a way of pretending that it was not women who have suffered for centuries. 
- the problem is not about being human; but about being a female human 
what is gender? 
a social construct 
the social construction of gender: 'throwing like a girl' 
- According to feminist theorists, these binary oppositions (like 'throwing...
Feminism - the economy
What do all feminists agree on with regards to the economy? - - Women have a reduced 
economic status compared to men 
- Women are discriminated against in the economic world and face 'institutionalised sexism' 
What are the 5 main example's of discrimination and inequality that feminists tend to agree on? - 
- 'Gender pay gap' 
- 'Race to the bottom' 
- 'Unpaid domestic labour' 
- 'Glass ceiling' and the 'glass cliff' 
- 'Motherhood penalty' 
How do these lead to increased inequ...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages •
What do all feminists agree on with regards to the economy? - - Women have a reduced 
economic status compared to men 
- Women are discriminated against in the economic world and face 'institutionalised sexism' 
What are the 5 main example's of discrimination and inequality that feminists tend to agree on? - 
- 'Gender pay gap' 
- 'Race to the bottom' 
- 'Unpaid domestic labour' 
- 'Glass ceiling' and the 'glass cliff' 
- 'Motherhood penalty' 
How do these lead to increased inequ...
Feminism 1 rated A+
Annie - will be covering the history of feminism and the first wave 
Subhan - will do feminism's relationship to other ideologies and movements 
Umer - will cover third wave feminism as well as commodification and capitalism 
Joseph - will be distinguishing between different types of feminism such as cultural, social, 
liberal, and radial feminism 
Avaani - will be talking about patriarchy and some key feminist figures 
What is feminism? Generally speaking - Generally speaking feminism is a pol...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 2 pages •
Annie - will be covering the history of feminism and the first wave 
Subhan - will do feminism's relationship to other ideologies and movements 
Umer - will cover third wave feminism as well as commodification and capitalism 
Joseph - will be distinguishing between different types of feminism such as cultural, social, 
liberal, and radial feminism 
Avaani - will be talking about patriarchy and some key feminist figures 
What is feminism? Generally speaking - Generally speaking feminism is a pol...
Feminism: radical feminism
Gender differences in society regarded for the first time as important in themselves -needing to 
be understood in their own terms 
During the 1960s and 1970s, the feminist movement sought to uncover -the influence of 
patriarchy not only in politics, public life and the economy, but in all aspects of social, personal and 
sexual existence 
Figes's Patriarchal Attitudes -drew attention not to the more familiar legal or social 
disadvantages suffered by women, but to the fact that patriarchal va...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 2 pages •
Gender differences in society regarded for the first time as important in themselves -needing to 
be understood in their own terms 
During the 1960s and 1970s, the feminist movement sought to uncover -the influence of 
patriarchy not only in politics, public life and the economy, but in all aspects of social, personal and 
sexual existence 
Figes's Patriarchal Attitudes -drew attention not to the more familiar legal or social 
disadvantages suffered by women, but to the fact that patriarchal va...
Feminism 4 QUESTION AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED
The Public / Private Divide -The "public" refers to activities that take place within a public sphere, 
that can involve or affect everybody, such as politics, pressure groups, public debate, employment etc. 
The "private" on the other hand refers to private activities which solely affect individuals alone, such as 
housekeeping affairs, and family life. While those such as Liberal Feminists have seen the private divide 
as "non political", and thus not to be interfered with as it could af...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 13 pages •
The Public / Private Divide -The "public" refers to activities that take place within a public sphere, 
that can involve or affect everybody, such as politics, pressure groups, public debate, employment etc. 
The "private" on the other hand refers to private activities which solely affect individuals alone, such as 
housekeeping affairs, and family life. While those such as Liberal Feminists have seen the private divide 
as "non political", and thus not to be interfered with as it could af...
Feminism 5 100% PASSED
Origins and developments -- Feminist ideas can be traced back to the ancient civilisations of 
Greece and China 
- Christine De Pisan's Book of the City of Ladies published in Italy (1405) foreshadowed many ideas of 
modern feminism such as advocating women's rights to education 
- The first text of modern feminism is Mary Wollstonecraft's the Vindication of the Rights of Women 
(1792) 
- By the mid 19th C the women's movement acquired a central focus which was the right to vote 
Origins and...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 16 pages •
Origins and developments -- Feminist ideas can be traced back to the ancient civilisations of 
Greece and China 
- Christine De Pisan's Book of the City of Ladies published in Italy (1405) foreshadowed many ideas of 
modern feminism such as advocating women's rights to education 
- The first text of modern feminism is Mary Wollstonecraft's the Vindication of the Rights of Women 
(1792) 
- By the mid 19th C the women's movement acquired a central focus which was the right to vote 
Origins and...
Feminism 6 100% PASSED
... -Ever notice how when justifying a child's misbehavior no one ever says stuff like "girls will be 
girls" or "she's a girl," but the list of things a "young lady" can't do is almost endless? 
You learn from a young age that masculinity comes with freedom; femininity comes with restrictions. 
... -I think a lot of people have trouble understanding transgender issues because they try to see 
themselves as trans, but come at it from the wrong direction. - i.e. cis woman tries to unders...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 6 pages •
... -Ever notice how when justifying a child's misbehavior no one ever says stuff like "girls will be 
girls" or "she's a girl," but the list of things a "young lady" can't do is almost endless? 
You learn from a young age that masculinity comes with freedom; femininity comes with restrictions. 
... -I think a lot of people have trouble understanding transgender issues because they try to see 
themselves as trans, but come at it from the wrong direction. - i.e. cis woman tries to unders...
Feminism 7 ALREADY PASSED
emerged from: 
(feminism) - broader historical womens right movement 
1st wave of feminism - Women's suffrage 
fighting for the womens right to vote 
late 19th 
2nd wave of feminism - 1960s-1970s; focused on women's equal access to employment and 
education 
3rd wave of feminism - 1980s-present; focused on diversity among women's experiences and 
identities 
perspective theory 
(feminism) - variety of theories, debates, points of emphasis 
key characteristics 
(feminism) - against the social ...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 7 pages •
emerged from: 
(feminism) - broader historical womens right movement 
1st wave of feminism - Women's suffrage 
fighting for the womens right to vote 
late 19th 
2nd wave of feminism - 1960s-1970s; focused on women's equal access to employment and 
education 
3rd wave of feminism - 1980s-present; focused on diversity among women's experiences and 
identities 
perspective theory 
(feminism) - variety of theories, debates, points of emphasis 
key characteristics 
(feminism) - against the social ...
Feminism 8 ALREADY PASSED
Charlotte Perkins Gilman - - an early socialist feminist 
- gender as a social construct 
- young girls forced to conform in society and prepare for motherhood through playing with 
toys/clothing etc 
- sex and domestic economics go hand in hand, women were reliant on their sexual assets to survive and 
please their husbands 
- the domestic environment is an instrument of patriarchy, women are economically dependent on men. 
Nuclear family needs to be destroyed and replaced by communal living 
-...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 4 pages •
Charlotte Perkins Gilman - - an early socialist feminist 
- gender as a social construct 
- young girls forced to conform in society and prepare for motherhood through playing with 
toys/clothing etc 
- sex and domestic economics go hand in hand, women were reliant on their sexual assets to survive and 
please their husbands 
- the domestic environment is an instrument of patriarchy, women are economically dependent on men. 
Nuclear family needs to be destroyed and replaced by communal living 
-...
Feminism 9 ALREADY PASSED
What is feminism? -is advocating women's rights 
is disturbing certainties of patriarchal structure 
is transforming society by eradicating sexist domination 
is sustaining poststructuralist and postmodern thinking 
is working and reading "against the grain" 
Early proto-feminism -Sappho in ancient Greece (570bc) 
Hildegard of Bingen - medieval, 1179 
Christine de Pisan 1434 
Olympe de Gouge 1791 
Mary Wollstonecraft 1797 
Jane Austen 1817 
Sappho -(570 bc)Lyric poetry, most lost, except Ode ...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 7 pages •
What is feminism? -is advocating women's rights 
is disturbing certainties of patriarchal structure 
is transforming society by eradicating sexist domination 
is sustaining poststructuralist and postmodern thinking 
is working and reading "against the grain" 
Early proto-feminism -Sappho in ancient Greece (570bc) 
Hildegard of Bingen - medieval, 1179 
Christine de Pisan 1434 
Olympe de Gouge 1791 
Mary Wollstonecraft 1797 
Jane Austen 1817 
Sappho -(570 bc)Lyric poetry, most lost, except Ode ...