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Inference: Briefly discuss how the lexical definitions and connotations of "valid" and "warranted" can help us understand the differing purposes of deductive and inductive arguments. • Valid i s something well-grounded on principles or evidence; able to withstand criticism or objection, as an argument; sound. For example, a passport is valid until it is expired. Warranted is thought to be the ingredient that separates mere true belief from actual knowledge. It is a matter of controversy. T...

Week 3 Discussion – Evaluating Sources To me the definition of expert is someone who has a wide knowledge of a specific topic. Experts can acquire such knowledge through education or experience. Al l the knowledge they know can be spread by teaching others or through practice like doctors. It has been known that opinions can be influenced according to information you know about, along with certain beliefs. But facts are also very important whenever someone creates an opinion on a topic. Withou...

Week 3 Checkpoint Quiz. According to the text, how do the views of stronger, more developed critical thinkers toward authority differ from those in earlier stages of cognitive development? Your An swer: Developed critical thinkers are skeptical. They will not trust the word of an authority figure without skepticism and their own research. Critical Thinkers are likely ranked "sages" and "truth-seekers" on the levels of thinking and knowledge. Alternatively, earlier stages of cognitive develop...

Issue: College Should Be Free for Everyone Aspect 1: Economy Pro: Deming, D. (2019, July 19). Tuition-Free College Could Cost Less Than You Think. NY Times. The writer breaks down the costs ass ociated with free college for all. In recent years, the government has spent estimated 91 billion dollars on federal aid for students of low-income families and provided tax credits for all families paying for college. He argues that all of the money provided for these programs can be shifted to make coll...

Week 2 Discussion: Context, Meaning, and Value Thomas Hart Benton, A Social History of Indiana, "Parks, the Circus, the Klan, the Press" (1933), detail, at the University of Indiana. Courtesy of Ba rt Everson, via Creative Commons. Hello Professor Sonja and classmates, In University of Indiana, there is a classroom with the historical painting, “Parks, the Circus, the Press,” by Thomas Hart Benton in 1933. This painting has caused a lot of controversies in the school. Many people believe t...

The topic I selected to research was Option 1: California Washington mural painting which was titled, The Life of Washington by Depression-era artist Victor Arnautoff. At first just looking at the im ages that displayed in the google search, I found to be offensive and hurtful to minorities and thought immediately that it’s not appropriate or right to sill have in display because it provides ignorance and cause some individuals to have the wrong view points on basic human rights and decrease s...

WEEK 2 CHECKPOINT QUIZ Briefly state how the text defines “claim.” Your Answer: The text defines the word "claim" as the maker of the argument is justifying or proving to be true and it is also known as argument conclusion. Reread the section in the text entitled “Two Confusions to Avoid” in Chapter 5. From what you read there, construct a definition of the term “argument” that includes both what the term is, in the context of this chapter, and what it is not. Your Answer: In the c...

Week 2 Journal Chamberlain College of Nursing PHIL 347: Critical Reasoning May 2020 Week 2 Journal The most important idea is that is the very first line of chapter 5. Making arguments and g iving reasons to communicate the basis for our beliefs and decisions are universal in our species (Facione, P. & Gittens, C., 2016). Our beliefs play a direct and large role in the decisions that we make. It is one of the core guides that is the basis for who we are, how we talk, what we say, and how we act....

• Do you agree that wisdom/critical thinking is a better predictor of well-being than intelligence? To answer, you will have to define what the following terms mean for you: o Critical thinking- re view and assessment of a problem in order to draw a conclusion o Wisdom – the quality of having experience, understanding, and logical thought o Intelligence - o Well-being Whenever I hear the phrases wisdom, intelligence, and critical thinking, I associate each with each other rather than think o...

WEEK 1 COURSE PROJECT 2 Week 1 Course Project: Topic Selection The topic I have chosen is “Free college for everyone.” The specific issue I will be exploring is “Should college be free for e veryone?” I think college should be free for all. I endorse the concept and believe that granting free college to everyone would help people excel and as a result, contribute to the country and its people. Rise in Graduation Rates The proportion of students who are to go to college will significantly...