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Cardiovascular Physiology – USMLE Practice Exam Questions With Complete Solutions.
S1 - Answer mitral & tripcuspid valve closure 
 
S2 - Answer aortic & pulmonic valve closure 
 
S3 - Answer early diastole rapid filling sound heard with dilated ventricle (normal in children & pregnant women) 
 
S4 - Answer late diastole "atrial kick" sound against increased pressure from ventricular hypertrophy 
 
Normal S2 splitting - Answer aortic valve closure slightly before pulmonic valve closure at end of systolic ejection 
 
Effect of inspiration on S2 splitting - A...
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- Exam (elaborations)
- • 5 pages •
S1 - Answer mitral & tripcuspid valve closure 
 
S2 - Answer aortic & pulmonic valve closure 
 
S3 - Answer early diastole rapid filling sound heard with dilated ventricle (normal in children & pregnant women) 
 
S4 - Answer late diastole "atrial kick" sound against increased pressure from ventricular hypertrophy 
 
Normal S2 splitting - Answer aortic valve closure slightly before pulmonic valve closure at end of systolic ejection 
 
Effect of inspiration on S2 splitting - A...
Pre Test Physiology USMLE - Respiratory physiology Questions With Correct Solutions.
160. A healthy 30-year-old woman is referred for a life insurance physical exam. History reveals that she has never smoked and vesicular breath sounds are heard at the periphery of the lung with auscultation. In the patient's spirometry tracing below, the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) equals which of the following? a. C b. D c. E d. C + D e. E - D - Answer 160. The answer is e. (Barrett, p 629. Le, p 546. Levitzky, pp 54-57. McPhee and Hammer, p 212.) ERV is the maximal volume of gas tha...
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- • 29 pages •
160. A healthy 30-year-old woman is referred for a life insurance physical exam. History reveals that she has never smoked and vesicular breath sounds are heard at the periphery of the lung with auscultation. In the patient's spirometry tracing below, the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) equals which of the following? a. C b. D c. E d. C + D e. E - D - Answer 160. The answer is e. (Barrett, p 629. Le, p 546. Levitzky, pp 54-57. McPhee and Hammer, p 212.) ERV is the maximal volume of gas tha...
USMLE Step 1: Cardiovascular Physiology Revision Exam Questions All Solved.
What is the S1 sound? - Answer Mitral and tricuspid valves closing. It is loudest at the mitral area. 
 
What is the S2 sound? - Answer Aortic and pulmonary valves closing. Loudest at the left sternal border 
 
What is the S3 sound? - Answer "Slosh-ing-in" 
Heard in early diastole during rapid ventricular filling phase. Associated with increased filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation, CHF) and more common in dilated ventricles (but normal in children and pregnant women) 
 
W...
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- • 9 pages •
What is the S1 sound? - Answer Mitral and tricuspid valves closing. It is loudest at the mitral area. 
 
What is the S2 sound? - Answer Aortic and pulmonary valves closing. Loudest at the left sternal border 
 
What is the S3 sound? - Answer "Slosh-ing-in" 
Heard in early diastole during rapid ventricular filling phase. Associated with increased filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation, CHF) and more common in dilated ventricles (but normal in children and pregnant women) 
 
W...
USMLE Renal High Yield Physiology Final Exam Questions 100% Well Answered.
3 parts of fetal kidney and fate? - Answer 1. Pronephros - degenerate @ week 4 
2. Mesenephros - 1st trimester kidney then form male internal genitalia, ureteric bud extends into metenephros to form Collecting Duct, Renal Calyces, Renal Pelvis, Ureter. 
3. Metenephros - permanent kidney - forms glomerulus through the distal tubule. 
 
Which kidney is harvested for transplant and why? - Answer 1. Left Kidney because it has a longer renal vein 
 
How much of TBW is intracellular vs. extrac...
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- • 5 pages •
3 parts of fetal kidney and fate? - Answer 1. Pronephros - degenerate @ week 4 
2. Mesenephros - 1st trimester kidney then form male internal genitalia, ureteric bud extends into metenephros to form Collecting Duct, Renal Calyces, Renal Pelvis, Ureter. 
3. Metenephros - permanent kidney - forms glomerulus through the distal tubule. 
 
Which kidney is harvested for transplant and why? - Answer 1. Left Kidney because it has a longer renal vein 
 
How much of TBW is intracellular vs. extrac...
USMLE Physiology Latest Exam Questions And 100% Correct Answers.
Most accurate and best test used to check for Zollinger Elison syndrome? - Answer Secretin test....Administer secretin and see if the gastrin levels drop 
 
Increased GI motility is an increase in... - Answer FORCE of contractility, not frequency 
 
Poorly controlled diabetic comes down with bloating and postprandial fullness. What is the mechanism of the defect? - Answer Nerve damage to Vagus! It does not sense the stretch, no ACh is released, no GASTRIN is released so stomach motility...
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- • 26 pages •
Most accurate and best test used to check for Zollinger Elison syndrome? - Answer Secretin test....Administer secretin and see if the gastrin levels drop 
 
Increased GI motility is an increase in... - Answer FORCE of contractility, not frequency 
 
Poorly controlled diabetic comes down with bloating and postprandial fullness. What is the mechanism of the defect? - Answer Nerve damage to Vagus! It does not sense the stretch, no ACh is released, no GASTRIN is released so stomach motility...
USMLE GI Physiology Practice Exam Questions And All Correct Answers.
Gastrin - Answer Source: G cells (antrum and duodenum) 
Action: ↑gastric H+ secretion ↑growth of gastric mucosa ↑gastric motility 
Regulation: ↑ by stomach distension/alkalinization, amino acids, vagal stimulation via GRP 
↓ by pH <1.5 
Notes:↑ by chronic PPI use 
↑ in chronic atrophic gastritis (H.pylori) 
↑↑ Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gatrinoma) 
 
G Cells - Answer Cells found in antrum of stomach and duodenum. Secrete gastrin. 
 
Somatostatin - Answer Source:...
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- • 6 pages •
Gastrin - Answer Source: G cells (antrum and duodenum) 
Action: ↑gastric H+ secretion ↑growth of gastric mucosa ↑gastric motility 
Regulation: ↑ by stomach distension/alkalinization, amino acids, vagal stimulation via GRP 
↓ by pH <1.5 
Notes:↑ by chronic PPI use 
↑ in chronic atrophic gastritis (H.pylori) 
↑↑ Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (gatrinoma) 
 
G Cells - Answer Cells found in antrum of stomach and duodenum. Secrete gastrin. 
 
Somatostatin - Answer Source:...
Physiology USMLE Study Guide Exam Questions And Actual Answers.
In a ventricular pacemaker cell, what phase of the action potential is affected by NE? - Answer Phase 4; NE increases the slope of the prepotential, allowing threshold to be reached sooner, and increases the rate of firing. 
 
Anatomical and alveolar dead spaces together constitute what space? - Answer Physiologic dead space is the total dead space of the respiratory system. 
 
What three organs are necessary for the production of vitamin D3(cholecalciferol)? - Answer Skin, liver, and k...
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- • 53 pages •
In a ventricular pacemaker cell, what phase of the action potential is affected by NE? - Answer Phase 4; NE increases the slope of the prepotential, allowing threshold to be reached sooner, and increases the rate of firing. 
 
Anatomical and alveolar dead spaces together constitute what space? - Answer Physiologic dead space is the total dead space of the respiratory system. 
 
What three organs are necessary for the production of vitamin D3(cholecalciferol)? - Answer Skin, liver, and k...
Physiology Summative Exam Questions And Already Passed Answers.
The motor neuron and muscle fiber connect at the neuromuscular junction. What space is crossed by the neurotransmitter to send the message from the neuron to the muscle fiber? - Answer Synaptic cleft 
 
A patient sustains a myocardial infarction (heart attack) that damages the ventricular septum of the heart. What effect on the heart is most likely to be seen immediately after the heart attack? - Answer Changes in the electrical conduction of the heart (very clear on EKG) 
 
The septum co...
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- • 14 pages •
The motor neuron and muscle fiber connect at the neuromuscular junction. What space is crossed by the neurotransmitter to send the message from the neuron to the muscle fiber? - Answer Synaptic cleft 
 
A patient sustains a myocardial infarction (heart attack) that damages the ventricular septum of the heart. What effect on the heart is most likely to be seen immediately after the heart attack? - Answer Changes in the electrical conduction of the heart (very clear on EKG) 
 
The septum co...
Arkansas State and Local Government Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions.
Who/what is needed to present a bill? - Answer A patron or a sponsor from an elected member of that House can present a bill to that chamber 
 
Agenda - Answer List of bills covered in the committee 
 
How does Arkansas override vetoes? - Answer With a simple majority vote of 51%, tax vetoes take ¾ 
 
How does a bill die? - Answer A bill will die in the last ten days of session if it is not signed 
 
Bill - Answer Proposed legislation 
 
Bills won't become laws unless... - Ans...
- Exam (elaborations)
- • 13 pages •
Who/what is needed to present a bill? - Answer A patron or a sponsor from an elected member of that House can present a bill to that chamber 
 
Agenda - Answer List of bills covered in the committee 
 
How does Arkansas override vetoes? - Answer With a simple majority vote of 51%, tax vetoes take ¾ 
 
How does a bill die? - Answer A bill will die in the last ten days of session if it is not signed 
 
Bill - Answer Proposed legislation 
 
Bills won't become laws unless... - Ans...
Arkansas Real Estate Law Portion Study Guide Exam And Actual Answers.
In Arkansas, real estate commissioners serve for - Answer three years 
 
Who submits a list to fill vacancies for the Arkansas Real Estate Commissions Board? - Answer The Arkansas Association of REALTORS 
 
Any person who wishes to appeal a ruling for a dismissal of a complaint by the Arkansas Real Estate Commission's Executive Director may do so by filing a fee of - Answer $100 
 
In Arkansas, the real estate license law is administered by the - Answer Arkansas Real Estate Commis...
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In Arkansas, real estate commissioners serve for - Answer three years 
 
Who submits a list to fill vacancies for the Arkansas Real Estate Commissions Board? - Answer The Arkansas Association of REALTORS 
 
Any person who wishes to appeal a ruling for a dismissal of a complaint by the Arkansas Real Estate Commission's Executive Director may do so by filing a fee of - Answer $100 
 
In Arkansas, the real estate license law is administered by the - Answer Arkansas Real Estate Commis...
ILEARNTOBOAT Final Exam Questions With All Correct Answers
Improv Traffic School Test Guide Questions With All Correct Answers 2024.
Laws & rules pertinent to life insurance Exam Questions With Complete Solutions.
Portage Learning A&P I Final Exam With Correct Answers 2024.
ATI Nursing Fundamentals Midterm Exam And Actual Answers 2024.