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What is the definition of psychology? - The scientific study of behavior and mental processes What field of psychology emerged as a science? - Systematic methods to observe human behavior and draw conclusions William James, a prominent American psychologist and philosopher, focused on human interactions with the outside world and the purpose of thoughts. What is his view known as? - Functionalism What approach to psychology emphasizes the scientific study of observable responses and their ...

Cross-species Comparisons - help us compare structure and function between humans and animals, lends ability to perform unethical studies Biological/Physiological Psychology - study of the brain, nervous system, genetics and effects of medications on behavior Cognitive Psychology - study of mental processes, memory, thinking and decision-making Developmental Psychology - study of changes over the lifespan Personality Psychology - study of consistencies over time and how we get to be the wa...

Psychology - the scientific study of behavior and mental processes Mental Processes - the thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of us experiences privately but that cannot be observed directly Behavior - everything we do that can be directly observed Critical Thinking - the process of reflecting deeply and actively, asking questions, and evaluating the evidence Empirical Method - gaining knowledge through the observation of events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning Positi...

Psychology - Study of behaviors and mental processes between humans and animals Natural Selection - Evolutionary theory - idea that those who inherit characteristics that help them adapt to their particular environments have a selective advantage over those that do not Functionalism - Early school of thought concerned with the adaptive purpose, or function of mind & behavior Structuralism - Early school of Psy. that explored structures of the mind through introspection. i.e. the person mig...

Empiricism - Data used to test hypothesis Objectivity - free from personal bias Accumulation - replication and refinement of studied done with commonly shared methods Eight stages of life development - Erik Erikson Prenatal- conception to birth Infancy and Toddlerhood- birth til 2 Early Childhood- 2-6 Middle Childhood- 6-11 Adolescence- 11-18 Emerging Adulthood Middle Adulthood Late Adulthood Nature vs. nurture - The debate about whether human behavior and characteristics are determ...

Medieval musical period - After fall of Rome 476 - 1300s Monophonic chant - Medieval. Single unison melodic line. Somber religious chants called plainchant or plainsong. Gregorian chants too. When other voices added, they moved parallel to the main voice. Cantus firmus - Main melody in a chant Motet - Medieval. Evolved from monophonic chant. Adding additional parts against main cantus firmus. Popular by 1200s. Continued through Bach. Organum - Medieval. Evolved from plainchant. Means addi...

Medieval musical period - After fall of Rome 476 - 1300s Monophonic chant - Medieval. Single unison melodic line. Somber religious chants called plainchant or plainsong. Gregorian chants too. When other voices added, they moved parallel to the main voice. Cantus firmus - Main melody in a chant Motet - Medieval. Evolved from monophonic chant. Adding additional parts against main cantus firmus. Popular by 1200s. Continued through Bach. Organum - Medieval. Evolved from plainchant. Means addi...

Define the concept of universal precautions (short answer) - Universal precautions means any and all samples, whether known or unknown, are to be treated as potentially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials List at lease 3 observations a researcher would be sure to note while assessing and unknown microbial sample (short answer) - Need to note: 1. Size and shape 2. Any observable motility 3. Gram status (positive or negative) While observing an unknown sample of limited amounts, a research...

True or False: Because the genome is contained within an enclosed space, (much like the nucleus of a cell) viruses are classified as eukaryotic - False. Viruses are neither eukaryotic nor prokaryotic Describe the two basic components of a virus (short answer) - A virus has 1. genomic material comprised of either DNA or RNA and 2. a capsid, a membrane-like protective structure that contains the genetic material, similar to the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell The _____ surrounds the capsid of s...

True or False: Growth media is best suited for distinguishing between two similar species of bacteria - False. Growth media is designed to simply support (and not restrict) microbial growth A researcher is asked to determine which of two vials contains e coli and which contains salmonella. Knowing both gram-negative while only one of them is capable of fermenting lactose, which type of media would be best suited (multiple choice) - Differential media distinguishes between two, often relate...