Jackline98

What type of boundary creates huge mountain ranges such as the Himalayas? - ️️continent-continent convergent boundary What type of boundary creates volcanoes? - ️️Ocean-Ocean Convergent Boundary What type of boundary is the San Andreas Fault? - ️️transform boundary What type of earthquakes at transform boundary? - ️️shallow earthquakes What type of plate boundary do we live on here in the PNW? - ️️ocean-continent convergent Where are fossils usually found - ️️Limesto...

How do magmas evolve? - ️️crystal settling: earlier-formed minerals are denser than the liquid portion of the magma and sink to the base of the magma chamber magmatic differentiation: the formation of one or more secondary magmas from a single parent magma assimilation: as magma migrates through the crust, it may incorporate some of the surrounding rock magma mixing: during the ascent of 2 chemically different magma bodies, the more buoyant mass may overtake the slower-rising bo...

Two atoms that have the same number of neutrons, but different numbers of protons are: - ️️different elements Vesicles, or void spaces, in volcanic rocks indicate: - ️️dissolved gases were released from the magma Volcanic rocks have smaller crystals than plutonic rocks because _______ . - ️️plutonic rocks cool slower than volcanic rocks What type of rock makes up most of the Hawaiian Islands? - ️️basalt When two atoms share electrons in their outer energy levels, a(n) _______...

What is Fractional crystallization? - ️️The separation of crystals and melt that causes residual magma to progressively change its composition. What is glassy texture? Examples? - ️️Produced by very rapid cooling, no obvious grains. Ex: Obsidian What is graded bedding? - ️️When there is a change in grain size, decreasing grain size upwards. What is half-life in relation to radioactive decay? - ️️How long it takes for half the nucleus to decay. What is it called when a min...

What type of chemical weathering causes rocks to turn "rust" in color? Why is this relevant to banded iron formations? - ️️oxidation oxygen combines with iron to form iron oxide; process is slow in dry environments; water increases the speed of the reaction Iron oxides add rust color What is hydrolysis & what silicate mineral does it produce? - ️️hydrolysis the reaction of any substance with water; a hydrogen ion attacks and replaces another ion; silicates primarily decompose b...

What causes most of the erosion in deserts? - ️️Streams What does NOT hold up mountain belts? - ️️High density "roots" What is molten rock beneath the Earth's surface called? - ️️Magma A 10-year flood is a flood that... - ️️Occurs on an average of every 10 years A planet with an atmosphere containing greenhouse gases radiates solar energy back into space _______ than a planet with no atmosphere - ️️Less efficiently A rift valley is _______. - ️️An eroded bas...

What are the methods that can correlate the strata at one location and the strata at another? a. Lithologic correlation method b. Fossil correlation method c. Structure correlation method d. Geologic Time correlation method e. Both a and b - ️️e. Both a and b What is the starting time for the Universe expansion? a. 20.1 billion years ago b. 15.2 billion years ago c. 13.8 billion years ago d. 5.60 billion years ago - ️️c. 13.8 billion years ago What is the universe expand...

What is aticlines folding? How do the beds dip? - ️️Upward folds- bed dips away What is synclines? How do the beds dip? - ️️Downward folds - bed dips forward What are the three stresses - ️️Compression, tensional, shear. What is compressional stress? What does it give us? - ️️Coming together. It gives us: folds, resverse and thrust faults. What is tensional stress? What does it produce? - ️️Coming apart, normal faults. What is shear stress? What do you get? - ️️Later...

What are shields? - ️️Shields (flat expanses composed largely of crystalline rocks), are parts of stable continental interiors. What is Earth's core made of? - ️️The composition of Earth's core is thought to be an iron-nickel alloy with minor amounts of oxygen, silicon, and sulfur. What is the primary principle used by geologists to separate periods of geological time, and ultimately construct the geological time scale. Why? - ️️Fossil succession --- This allows correlations ...

Why does a more felsic magma have a higher viscosity than a mafic magma at the same temperature? - ️️felsic magmas contain more silica tetrahedrons which can link together in the melt and resist flowing past one another Which of the following describes sedimentary rocks? - ️️formed by lithification of pre-existing rock Which of the following do you think are constructive and which are destructive mountain building processes? Deformation Partial melting Faulting and folding Glaci...