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Affective prosody - Expressive of emotional state (child-directed speech) Linguistic prosody - Expressive of grammar and meaning (pitch/pause-based) Forward/anticipatory coarticulation - 'spoon' - lip rounding before the 's' Backward/retentive coarticulation - 'no' - 'o' is nasalized Acoustic features of stressed speech - Loudness Duration Fundamental frequency/tone How does relaxed vs. Clear speech differ? - Most phonemes get longer in duration, stops tend to be r...

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On a spectrum, a sine wave appears as ___________. - a single line A line spectrum is a _______ in time. - snapshot What is the x-axis in a speech spectrogram? - X = time What is the y-axis in a speech spectrogram? - Y = frequency What does the darkness in a speech spectrogram represent? - darkness = intensity What is the difference between perturbation and modulation? - modulation is much slower than random cycle-to-cycle perturbation; modulation is spread across many cycle...

What frequency should you save at for a recording? - sample at twice the rate of the highest frequency in the signal, data up to 100 Hz should be sampled at 200 Hz What is Nyquist? - is half the sample rate (the highest frequency you can reproduce) What is quantization - the process of converting a voltage, which is analog, into a number, which is digital (it creates a number that reflects a signal amplitude, one number is a 'snap shot') What is a sampling rate? - is how often you...

The sampling rate of a digital recording will influence: - D A. The overall sound pressure level of the recording B. The distance b/w the speaker's voice and harmonics C. The ambient noise level of the recording D. The amount of memory needed to process and record it A spectrum differs from a spectrogram because: - B A. It is a time domain display B. It does not represent time on its axis The relationship between perturbation and modulation is: - B A. They are mutually exclusive...

Stops - complete closure of the vocal tract momentarily is associated with _______ Fricatives - narrowing of the vocal tract/partial obstruction is associated with _______ Affricates - fairly brief stop and frication interval is associated with _________ Stops, fricatives, affricates, nasals, glides, liquids - the 3 obstruents are: ____, ______, and _____ The 3 sonorants/non-obstruents are: ______, ______, and _______ Silence, voicing energy, constriction, burst - stops are cha...

What is dissemination? - Getting the research information out to those who need to know it Publication - highest level Presenting at National Conference Presenting at Local Conference Journal Club where one person reviews an article What does a 17 on MMSE mean? - Moderate cognitive impairment What is Tegretol in the CYP450 system? - Inducer ->will lower dose of Lamictal and BCP's What do BCP's do to Lamictal? - Inducer - will lower dose of Lamictal What is a Type I res...

The hand method provides a fair estimate of: - Hose friction loss Usually has a locking ball valve - Pump discharge Must be located at the lowest part of the pump and lines - Pump drain Line must have a check valve - Pump intake Releases air into the atmosphere when a dry supply line is being charged - Bleeder valve Major advantage of a positive displacement pump over a centrifugal pump is that is can: - Pump air, making it self priming One advantage that electronic gover...