100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
Previously searched by you
Class notes Mass and Balance (ATPL232) Mass Balance, Meteorological, Ice Motion, Surface Altitude, and Runoff Data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1993 Balance Year, ISBN: 9780117907454R82,86
Class notes Mass and Balance (ATPL232) Mass Balance, Meteorological, Ice Motion, Surface Altitude, and Runoff Data at Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1993 Balance Year, ISBN: 9780117907454
All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any forms
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any
information storage and retrieval system, without permission from Atlantic Flight Training
in writing.
ATPL Mass and Balance 27 October 2003
, CHAPTER 1
Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................1-1
CAP 696 - JAR FCL Examinations Loading Manual ................................................................................1-1
Section 1 - General Notes (Pages 1 to 4) ................................................................................................1-2
Definitions ................................................................................................................................................1-2
Conversions (Page 4) ..............................................................................................................................1-3
CHAPTER 2
Mass and Balance Theory
Centre of Gravity (CG) .............................................................................................................................2-1
Effect of Mass (Weight)............................................................................................................................2-2
Balance Arm (BA) ....................................................................................................................................2-2
Datum or Reference Datum .....................................................................................................................2-2
Aeroplane Datum .....................................................................................................................................2-2
SEP 1.......................................................................................................................................................2-2
MEP 1 ......................................................................................................................................................2-3
MRJT 1 ....................................................................................................................................................2-3
Moment....................................................................................................................................................2-3
Loading Index (LI) ................................................................................................................................2-5
Centre of Gravity (CG) .............................................................................................................................2-6
Relocation of Weight................................................................................................................................2-9
Adding Mass ..........................................................................................................................................2-10
Volumetric Measure ...............................................................................................................................2-11
Questions For Chapter 2........................................................................................................................2-14
CHAPTER 3
Mass Limitations
Finding the Basic Mass and Centre of Gravity of an Aircraft....................................................................3-1
Operating Mass (OM) ..............................................................................................................................3-4
Zero Fuel Mass (ZFM) .............................................................................................................................3-4
Maximum Zero Fuel Mass (MZFM)..........................................................................................................3-5
Structural Limitations ...............................................................................................................................3-5
Maximum Structural Take-Off Mass.........................................................................................................3-5
Maximum Structural Taxi Mass................................................................................................................3-5
Maximum Structural Landing Mass..........................................................................................................3-6
Performance Limited Take-Off Mass (PLTOM)........................................................................................3-7
Performance Limited Landing Mass (PLLM)............................................................................................3-7
Regulated Take-Off Mass (RTOM) ..........................................................................................................3-7
Regulated Landing Mass (RLM) ..............................................................................................................3-7
Take-Off Mass (TOM) ..............................................................................................................................3-7
Landing Mass (LM) ..................................................................................................................................3-8
Fuel Terminology .....................................................................................................................................3-8
Basic Aerodynamic Principles................................................................................................................3-13
Centre of Gravity and Stability ...............................................................................................................3-18
Centre of Gravity Envelope....................................................................................................................3-20
Plotting on a CG envelope .....................................................................................................................3-20
Questions for Chapter 3.........................................................................................................................3-24
Requirements of JAR - OPS
Weighing of Aircraft – JAR OPS 1 ...........................................................................................................4-1
Fleet Mass and CG Position ....................................................................................................................4-1
Tare Mass................................................................................................................................................4-2
Loading of Aircraft....................................................................................................................................4-3
Floor Loading...........................................................................................................................................4-4
Security of a Load ....................................................................................................................................4-4
Mass and Balance Document ..................................................................................................................4-5
Last Minute Changes ...............................................................................................................................4-5
Responsibilities ........................................................................................................................................4-6
Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC) ...........................................................................................................4-6
Standard Crew and Passenger Masses from JAR – OPS 1 Subpart J ..................................................4-10
Infants and Children...............................................................................................................................4-11
Adults.....................................................................................................................................................4-11
Passenger Baggage Values ..................................................................................................................4-12
Load Shifting Formula............................................................................................................................4-13
Useful Load and Laden..........................................................................................................................4-14
S.I Units (Systeme International) ...........................................................................................................4-14
Questions for Chapter 4.........................................................................................................................4-16
Medium Range Jet Transport – MRJT 1
Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................8-1
Contents ..................................................................................................................................................8-1
Aircraft Description...................................................................................................................................8-1
Locations Diagram ...................................................................................................................................8-1
Table to Convert Body Stations to Balance Arm......................................................................................8-2
Landing Gear Retraction..........................................................................................................................8-2
Effect of Flap Retraction ..........................................................................................................................8-2
Take-Off Horizontal Stabiliser Trim Setting..............................................................................................8-3
Obtaining Trim Units ................................................................................................................................8-3
Conversion of BA to or from % MAC........................................................................................................8-4
Mass and Balance Limitations .................................................................................................................8-5
Centre of Gravity Limits ...........................................................................................................................8-5
Fuel..........................................................................................................................................................8-5
Passengers (PAX) and Personnel ...........................................................................................................8-6
ATPL Mass and Balance iv 27 October 2003
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through EFT, credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying this summary from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Academiccoach. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy this summary for R82,86. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
