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Education Systems VGLO612 Assignment 2(English)
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- North-West University (NWU)
In this document, you will find Assignment 1 and 2 both in Afrikaans and English
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Table of contents1. Introduction.........................................................................................................................................1
2. Demographic trends............................................................................................................................1
2.1 International demographic trends.....................................................................................................1
2.2 South Africa's demographic trends....................................................................................................2
2.3 The influence of the demographics of South Africa on education.....................................................2
3. Economic trends..................................................................................................................................3
3.1 International economic trends..........................................................................................................3
3.2 South African economic trends..........................................................................................................3
3.3 The influence of the economy of South Africa on education.............................................................4
4. Technological trends............................................................................................................................4
4.1 International technical trends............................................................................................................4
4.2 South African technological trends....................................................................................................5
4.3 The influence of South African technology on education..................................................................5
5. Summary..............................................................................................................................................6
6. Source list............................................................................................................................................6
,1. Introduction
This assessment will focus on three specific trends and their impact on global, national and
education. These three trends that are going to be discussed are demographic, economic and
technological. The close connection between these trends will be discussed in detail and
examples will be provided for each. The influence that each has on education will be discussed.
2. Demographic trends
2.1 International demographic trends
With the limited resources that are on Earth, one would believe that there is a decrease in
numbers, because the resources run out at an exponential rate. This is unfortunately not the
truth, when looking at statistics, it is clear that there is no decrease in numbers of people on
planet Earth. The statistic that is very worrying is that most people on Earth live in developing
countries, and so it is in those countries where people are increasing to a large extent.
It is projected that in the year 2050 there will be a total of 9 billion people, this is an increase of
50 million people per year (Global demographic trends, 2011). Developing countries have a
growth rate that is higher than the average growth rate of the world. The fact that such a
tremendous growth of people has happened quite suddenly means that it will have tremendous
impacts. When looking at the different stages of a person's life, coupled with the average age
that people reach, there will be an accumulation.
The average age people reach is 67.2 years old (Calculators and Weights, 2004). This is only
an average and it differs greatly between countries. In Japan, which is a developed country, the
average age is 82.6 years. Considering that this is only an average, it is clear that the violence
rate in Japan is also relatively low. A country like North Korea has an average age of 67.3,
which is almost the average, is a country whose violence rate is increasing. Nigeria has an
average age of 46.9. This is an example of a developing country with a very high violence rate.
There is a definite trend that can be seen and that is that countries in Africa and South America
have a very low age average.
Violence rate: 0-20 = very low, 20-40 low, 20-60 average, 60-80 high, 80-100 very high (Crime,
2009). According to Crime (2009), Japan has a violence rate of 19.98, North Korea, 55.56 and
Nigeria, 72.97. Although violence does not cover all the factors, it is an important factor to keep
in mind.
The average growth rate is 1.13% per year (Junuxx and Commons, 2056). Japan has an
average growth rate of 0.60, North Korea has a growth rate of 1.00 and Nigeria has a growth
rate of 4.00. When looking at these statistics, it is clear that developing countries have a much
higher growth rate than developed or semi-developed countries. Developed or semi-developed
countries have a slow growth rate, but developing countries have a tremendous growth rate.
1
, There are several reasons for this. Growth is no longer focused on importing and exporting
goods, it is about the needs of the people in the country (Thomson, 2013).
2.2 South Africa's demographic trends
South Africa has a huge variety of cultures and religions. In South Africa there are 11 different
languages. In the 2011 Cencus, it was established that there are around 52Million people in
South Africa (South Africa’s population, 2011). According to South Africa's population (2011),
racial demographics were as follows. Black 79.2%, White 8.9%, Colored 8.9%, Indian / Asian
2.5% and Other 0.5%. There is a tremendous rapid growth in South Africa. South Africa is often
seen as a developed country with developing characteristics, or as a developing country with
developed characteristics.
As already mentioned, the average age in the world is 67.2, but in South Africa the average age
is 49.3. South Africa is also a country with one of the highest rates of violence of any country in
the world. South Africa has a violence rate of 77.49. These are classified as high. The majority
of people in South Africa live in poverty, poverty that has an origin in the history of the country.
Most people know that people of color were approached and that they were not given equal
opportunities. This has led to increased violence because people do not have what they could
work for.
In many cultures in South Africa, reproduction is encouraged. Many families do not have the
resources to care for their children. South Africa has a growth rate of 1.40. This is more than the
average growth rate of the world's population.
The demographics of South Africa in terms of age are as follows: 28.3% are between the ages
of 0-14, 20.2% are between the ages of 15-24, 38.2% are between the ages of 25-54, 7.1 % are
between the ages of 55-64 and 6.3% are over the age of 65 (South Africa demographics profile
2014, 2014). This is a very worrying statistic, because 25% of South Africans are unemployed.
These are excluded from the number of children and the elderly who can no longer work or who
are not yet allowed to work. With South Africa's population growing, coupled with
unemployment, there are major problems facing South Africa (Africa, Kazemi, and mojdeh,
2016).
2.3 The influence of the demographics of South Africa on education
South Africa has many challenges facing it in terms of education. There are a lot of learners
who do not go to school, but the population is increasing. Resources have to come from
somewhere, but with the number of learners who are not in school, it complicates things. Many
learners who are also in school are old age and live without both of their parents. For a single
parent, caring for many children is very challenging.
South Africa also has a high HIV / AIDS population. Many of the learners who have this
syndrome are unable to attend school because they do not always have the medical insurance.
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