Exam (elaborations)
EML Study Notes 2021
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- Exams
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- University Of South Africa (Unisa)
EML Study Notes 2021
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Stuvia.com - The study-notes marketplaceEmergent Literacy
Language
➢ Language is an inborn characteristic of humankind (acquired naturally – not taught)
➢ It comprises of sounds put together in a meaningful way or pattern
➢ Language can be repetitive (listened to and understood) or it can be expressive (express
yourself using words and vocabulary)
➢ The four parts of language is listening, speaking, reading and writing.
What is emergent Literacy?
Emergent literacy refers to the knowledge, skills and attitudes that a child develops in relation to
reading and writing throughout the early childhood period, starting at birth and before the onset
of conventional reading and writing instruction.
Explanations of Emergent Literacy
➢ Emergent literacy refers to a stage in the development of speaking, reading and writing skills
that young children go through before they can read and write conventionally.
➢ It is a term used to describe the process children go through before they can speak fluently
and read and write formally.
➢ Children at the emergent literacy stage demonstrate that they are aware of the process of
reading and writing even though they cannot perform the skills yet.
➢ Children of preschool ages imitate the processes of reading and writing and are in the
emergent literacy phase (on their way to developing formal reading and writing skills)
A person is referred to as being literate
when they can speak with clarity, read
with understanding and write eligibly
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Emergent Literacy skills
Emergent
speaking
Spoken language and sounds Listening is the first step in
are converted into meaning in learning how to speak
the mind during story reading.
Children learn to speak by
listening to those around them.
Why are good stories important? 4 Factors that must be taken
note of:
→ Makes children feel
loved ➢ A listening environment
→ Develops a sense of ➢ Planned reading
belonging ➢ Conducting the reading
→ Lays the foundation for ➢ Concluding the reading
language development
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Listening Skills
The most important element in
A listening environment:
developing a child’s literacy
skills is an adult who Children focus on what is read by filtering out
stimulates a child’s interest, other sounds around them. Teachers should
scaffolds experiences and therefore create an environment suitable for
responds to a child’s earnest developing listening skills. The environment
attempts to learn a skill. must be quiet and cosy.
Phonological Awareness
Phonological awareness refers
Vocabulary
to the child’s ability to hear
and respond to the smaller A broad vocabulary is a sign that the child
sounds in words. Through has acquired the knowledge to name things
development, children become and understand what words stand for.
aware that language can be Children with rich vocabularies possess a
broken into words, syllables high educational advantage as they can
and smaller units of sound read more efficiently and at a higher speed.
(phonemes). Young children A large vocabulary also promotes
learn to differentiate between comprehension.
the similarities and
differences of sounds.
Narrative Skills
When children can tell a story it means that they have
narrative skills. Children can build narrative skills by
describing something that happened to them. Parents and
teachers can promote narrative skills by prompting
children for further details.
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Emergent
Writing
The 4 stages of writing
development
Emergent writing is a
➢ Stage 1: Uncontrolled
developmental writing process
scribbling
in which children randomly
➢ Stage 2: Controlled
scribble and draw and then
scribbling
assign meaning to the
➢ Stage 3: Pictures of objects
scribbles and drawings.
and people interspersed
with writing marks
➢ Stage 4: Letter and word
practice
To children there is no
Requirements for writing difference between writing and
skills development: drawing. They believe that
their writing is understood by
➢ Gross and fine motor
adults in the same way they
skills
understand what they have
➢ Eye-hand coordination
written. They are able to read
their message the same way
more than once.
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