Samenvatting Overzicht document alle begrippen en stof van Immunologie voor DTII in goodnotes - cijfer behaald 9.0
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Course
Immunologie (AB_470114)
Institution
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
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Chapter 10 Mucosal tissues:
Waldeyer’s ring:
Mucosal immune system Skin, intestines, lungs
Tonsils in nose, mouth and throat
- anatomy and function Large intestine: - vlak onder epitheel zitten B cel
- effector cells - more mucus, more bacteria follikels voor immune response
- tolerance induction Small intestine:
- less mucus, less bacteria Payer’s patches:
Mucus
(Alleen in dunne darm)
- huge glycoproteins
Undesired mucosal Helpen met immuniteit
- glycosylated, negatively
immune reactions: - secrete antimicrobial proteins
charged
Allergies, Crohn’s disease - several B and T cell areas (in
- binds water and IgA
M cell)
- secreted by goblet cells Antigen uptake mechanisms:
Small: ILF (isolated lymphoid follicles)
(Paneth cells secrete AMPs) 1. antigen uptake by M cells
- Villi and crypts Only B cells
Function: - payer’s patches and ILF - delivery to dendritic cells and
- gas exchange Large: lymphocytes
- reproduction - only crypts 2. Antigen uptake by dendritic cells
= thin and permeable - only ILF - by extending processes
} - activation of immune + 3. Antigen uptake by epithelial cells
- induction of tolerance - Via MHC I or MHC II
- tussen de cellen door
Effector mechanisms: Pathogens use these pathways to invade the
} present in lamina propria & epithelium mucosal tissue
- populated with effector leukocytes
- Intraepithelial lymphocytes Mucosal tissues condition DCs to become tolerizing
- IgA plasma cells are present in the lamina propria > TGFbeta, IL-10 en vitamine A
- transport by Poly Ig receptors - suppress immune system: signal 2 does not work Immuunrespons tegen
- function = neutralization for conditioned DCs —> tolerating immune reponse self
Immunoregulatory environment: > conditioned DCs migrate to mucosal Conditioned DC
} Mucosal macrophages have lower lymphoid organs —> Treg
inflammatory activity Bij pathogeen:
- phagocytosis, killing Immunosuppressive by the mucosal immune system:
Pathogeen: DC geactiveerd en wel T
- no cytokines oral tolerance
—> T cell activatie cel activatie!
- deletion of antigen specific T cells by
tolerizing DCs
Mucosal versus peripheral immune responses:
- induction of antigen specific regulatory T
- no inflammatory in mucosal tissue
cells } suppress antigen specific T cells
, Bacterial flora in the intestines: Prevention / treatment of pathogenic infections
- composition using treatment with microbiota Disturbed
- function - antibiotic resistant bacteria spreid } flora moet intestinal flora is
- diseases dit verwerpen correlated with
different diseases
Functions:
Treatment of commensalism bacteria for treatment
- synthesize essential metabolites
of Clostridium difficile infection
- break down plant fibers in food
- transplantatie van poep, waaruit de bacterie
- Inactivate toxic substances in food or made by pathogens
wordt geïsoleerd
- Prevent pathogens from benefiting from the resources of the
human gut
- Interact with epithelium to trigger development of secondary Disturbed intestinal flora together with a high fat/
lymphoid organs low fiber diet stimulates obesitas
De Production of SCFA by the intestinale flora is
Commensal bacteria protect against infection with important for metabolism
pathogens
1. competitie
Intestinal flora and cancer:
2. stoffen uitscheiden
- hot tumor respond well to T cells and other cancer fighters
3. mucosal helpt
immunotherapy
- cold tumor Immune suppressing cells
The intestinale flora is influenced by different factors:
- lifestyle
Immunotherapies for cancer are more effective in patient
- hygiene
with a diverse flora
- diet
—> microbiota can be manipulated
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