Exam (elaborations)
GOULD'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS -Immunity - Chapter 7
GOULD'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS -Immunity - Chapter 7
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GOULD'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE HEALTHPROFESSIONS -Immunity - Chapter 7
1. 1. Explain how each of the following contributes
to the virulence of bacteria:
a. production of endotoxin
b. spore formation
c. presence of a capsule
2. Predict how each of the following could
reduce host resistance to infection:
a. bone marrow damage
b. circulatory impairment
c. puncture wound
3. Explain two benefits of resident flora.
4. Differentiate infection from inflammation.
5. Describe three ways of reducing transmission of
a respiratory infection.
6. Explain each of the following:
a. why the clinical signs of infection are not
,present immediately after the
microorganism enters the body
b. why infection can often be cured without
drug treatment
c. why antibacterial agents might be
prescribed for an infection
7. Explain why it is important to take the complete
course of antimicrobial medication prescribed.
8. Explain why viral infections are difficult to treat.
9. State two local and two systemic signs
of influenza.
10. Explain why a new influenza vaccine is
prepared each year and consists of several
components.:
2. Review of the Immune System: The immune system is responsible
for the body's
defenses.
3. specific defense: In specific defense the immune system ponding to
as foreign
is res particular substances, cells, toxins, or proteins,
,which are perceived the body and therefore unwanted or
potentially dangerous.
4. Components of the Immune System: 1. The immune system
consists of lymphoid structures,
, immune cells, tissues concerned with
immune cell development, and chemical
mediators.
5. lymphoid structures: 2. The lymphoid structures, including the lymph
nodes, the spleen and tonsils, the intestinal lymphoid tissue, and the
lymphatic circulation, form the basic structure within
which the immune response can function.
6. immune cells: 3. The immune cells, or lymphocytes, as well as
macrophages provide the specific mechanism for the identification
and removal of foreign ma- terial. All immune cells originate in the
bone marrow, and the bone marrow and thymus have roles in the
maturation of the cells.
7. thymus: The thymus is significant during fetal
development in that it programs the immune system to
ignore self-antigens.
When this process is faulty, the body may attack
its own tissues as non-self.
8. Immune system: The blood and circulatory system provide a major
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