Exam (elaborations)
AP GOVERNMENT REVIEW SET Questions and Answers 2023 (Verified Answers)
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- AP GOVERNMENT
AP GOVERNMENT REVIEW SET Questions and Answers 2023 (Verified Answers)
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AP GOVERNMENT REVIEW SET1.10th Amendment: Powers not expressly given to federal government
by the Constitution are reserved to states or the people. Also known as
"reserved powers amendment" or "states' rights amendment"
2.13th Amendment: Abolished slavery. First of three "Reconstruction
Amend- ments" passed after Civil War (1865-70)
3.14th Amendment: (1) All persons born in the U.S. are citizens; (2) no
person can be deprived of life, liberty or property without DUE
PROCESS OF LAW; (3) no state can deprive a person of EQUAL
PROTECTION of the laws. Second of three "Reconstruction
Amendments" passed after Civil War.
4.15th Amendment: States cannot deny any person the right to vote
because of race. Third of three "Reconstruction Amendments" passed
after Civil War. First Voting Rights Amendment (with 19, 24 & 26)
5.16th Amendment: Power of Congress to tax income
6.17th Amendment: Established the direct election of senators (instead
of being chosen by state legislatures)
7.19th Amendment: States cannot deny the right to vote based on
, gender
8.1st Amendment: Freedom of religion (establishment & free exercise
clauses), speech, press, assembly, and petition.
9.22nd Amendment: Limits the president to two terms.
10.23rd Amendment: Gives Washington DC electoral college votes as if
it were a state (DC still has no representation in Congress)
11.24th Amendment: Abolishes poll taxes
12.26th Amendment: States cannot deny the right to vote based on age
(18+)
13.2nd Amendment: Right to arm bears. Supported by National Rifle
Association interest group & Republican Party.
14.4th Amendment: No "unreasonable" searches and seizures.
Exclusionary rule (Weeks v. US, Mapp v. Ohio)
15.5th Amendment: (1) No Self-Incrimination (Miranda)
(2)No Double Jeopardy (defendant cannot be tried again on the same,
or similar charges)
(3)No deprivation of life liberty or property without "due process
of law" (fair treatment)
,16.6th Amendment: The right to counsel in criminal trials. Gideon v.
Wainwright held that states must provide indigent defendants with a
free lawyer ("public defender"). Right to jury in criminal trials.
17.7th Amendment: Right to jury in civil trials.
18.8th Amendment: Government cannot inflict cruel and unusual
punishment. Meaning of "cruel" based on "evolving standards of
decency that mark the progress of a maturing society." Categorical
bans on death penalty: juveniles, retarded, non-murder crimes...
19.9th Amendment: Unenumerated Rights Amendment. Citizens have
unenu- merated rights in addition to those stated in the Constitution.
Not been developed by Supreme Court (too open ended)
20.Constitution: A nation's basic law, creates political institutions,
assigns or divides power in government and often provides certain
guarantees to citizens. Can be written or unwritten.
21.Agents of Socialization: Family (most important); TV/media
(growing in im- portance); friends/peers; school (formal socialization).
How we develop (absorb) opinions & beliefs.
, 22.American Political Culture: A set of basic, foundational values and
beliefs about government that is shared by most citizens. Key
elements: democracy, equality before the law, limited government,
capitalism & private property
23.Anti-Federalists: A group who opposed the ratification of the
Constitution in 1787. They opposed a strong central government
(tyranny) and supported states' rights. "I smell a rat!"
24.Articles of Confederation: Set up the 1st independent American
government (1783-88). Nonbinding "league of friendship" among
sovereign states with weak central government to help with common
defense & cooperation (like the European Union). Replaced by our
current constitution in 1788.
25.Bandwagon Effect: "Copy-cat" behavior. People often do things just
because other people do them. In primary elections, it is when people
support the candidate everyone else seems to be supporting (poll
leaders). Leads to Primary Frontload- ing (states want to have the
most impact in the primary process)
26.Block Grants: Grants ($) given to the states by the federal
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