CHAPTER 2 LEGAL - LAW ENFORCEMENT ACADEMY FL 2023/24 UPDATE|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

Constitutional Law The standards set forth in the Constitution and court decisions or interpretations of the Constitution handed down by U.S. District and Supreme Courts; Identifies the powers and limitations of each brand of the U.S. government Statutory Law The written laws enacted by Congress, state legislatures, or local governing authorities in response to a perceived need Criminal Law The part of statutory law that defines unacceptable behaviors and government prosecution of those who commit them Ordinance A statute enacted by a municipal (city) or county government and which applies only within the jurisdiction of the governmental entity which created it; may be criminal or civil Civil Law The area of law that pertains to the legal action that a person takes to resolve a private dispute with another person Administrative Law The body of law that allows for the creation of public regulatory agencies Case Law The body of law that is formed by the decisions of the court system Bill of Rights The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution Due Process Clause A part of the Fourteenth Amendment that expands the restrictions the Bill of Rights places on the federal government to state and local governments and states, "No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty or property, without due process of law; nor deny any person within its jurisdiction of the equal protection of the laws" Felony A criminal offense committed within a state in which the maximum penalty is death or incarceration in a state correctional facility for more than one year Misdemeanor Any criminal offense that is punishable by a term of imprisonment in a county correctional facility not in excess of one year Noncriminal Violation An offense, also known as a civil infraction, for which the only penalty may be a fine, forfeiture, or other civil penalty