COM3702 Assignment 1 Semester 2 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 3
2. MEDIA POLICY AND REGULATION ............................................................................. 3
2.1. External media regulation in South Africa................................................................ 3
2.1.1. Freedom of expression, democracy and the media .......................................... 3
2.1.2. Media as the Forth Estate ................................................................................ 4
2.1.3. Theories which influence the South African thinking about the role and
functioning of the media ................................................................................................. 4
2.1.4. Overview of South African civil society Organisations facilitating the processes
of freedom of expression................................................................................................ 6
2.1.5. How the organisation is facilitating the processes of freedom of expression .... 6
3. REPRESENTATION ...................................................................................................... 7
3.1. News as representation .......................................................................................... 7
3.1.1. Summary of news story ................................................................................... 7
3.1.2. News values .................................................................................................... 7
3.1.3. Gatekeeping .................................................................................................... 8
3.1.4. Agenda setting ................................................................................................. 8
3.2. Media and terrorism ................................................................................................ 9
4. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................. 11
5. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................ 12
6. ADDENDUM ................................................................................................................ 13
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INTRODUCTION
This assignment deals with a variety of themes from media studies that have been
covered in the study guide. These themes are from the following three sections
which are media policy and regulation, representation and gender and the media.
The first theme under the media policy and regulation analyses a film and publication
bill and its overview. The second theme tells whether the bill is an internal or external
media regulation, enhances or hinders freedom of expression and whether is acting
in the public interest or not. We will then look into news as representation in the
second section of this assignment. Specifically focusing on news values, the 5W’s
and 1 H of the news, gatekeeping and gatekeepers of the news and agenda setting
and framing. Section three of this assignment gives comments on the gender and
the media, representing a female gender on a magazine advertisement.
MEDIA POLICY AND REGULATION
1.1. External media regulation in South Africa
1.1.1. Freedom of expression, democracy and the media
Freedom of expression and the free flow of information is vital in a democratic
society, in order for the system to function and to allow the public to participate in
decision-making processes. The citizens of South- Africa would not be able to
effectively participate in the voting process or public decision-making process if the
free flow of information or ideas were hindered in any way in turn preventing society
from freely expressing their views and having a platform to do so. Freedom of
expression is not only crucial to individual enlightenment and character but equally
so for liability, democracy and participation. In South Africa the constitution makes
provision for rights regarding freedom of expression, according to Section 16(1) of
the South Africa Constitiution “Everyone has the right to freedom of expression,
which includes freedom of the press and other media; freedom to receive or impart
information or ideas; freedom of artistic creativity; and academic freedom and
freedom of scientific research.”
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