Summary Stalin's Russia and 1984 - Historical Context for OCR English Literature A-Level
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Course
Comparative and contextual study (H472)
Institution
OCR
Book
1984 (Nineteen Eighty-Four)
Historical Context for 1984 - Stalin's Russia: includes Stalin's rise to power, the challenges faced by Revolutionary Russia, The Russian Revolution (1917), and the purges.
Chapter Summary and Analysis: 1984 - Part 3, Chapter 1
Chapter Summary and Analysis: 1984 - Part 3, Chapter 6
Chapter Summary and Analysis: 1984 - Part Two, Chapter 4
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A/AS Level
OCR
English Literature
Comparative and contextual study (H472)
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Stalin’s Russia and ‘Nineteen Eighty-Fo
Stalin’s rise to power The challenges face
• In 1912, Lenin (whilst in exile in Switzerland) appointed Joseph • Stalin’s totalitaria
Stalin to serve on the first Central Committee of the Bolshevik relinquish their f
Party. way of life.
• Three years later the Bolsheviks seized power in Russia. • The tactics Stalin
• Lenin was the Soviet Union’s first leader when it was founded in 1. Control of medi
1922. è State contro
• During the early years of the Soviet Union, Stalin moved up the 2. Labour camps k
party ladder. 3. ‘Five Year Plans’
• In 1922 he became secretary general of the Central Committee of Brother’s Three
the Communist Party 4. Forced collectiv
o This allowed his allies to government jobs and grow a base who refused coo
of political support. o Forced colle
killed million
• After Lenin died in 1924, Stalin outmanoeuvred rivals (including 5. Controlled educ
Leon Trotsky, the assumed leader), and won control of the school
Communist Party. 6. A ban on Christi
• By the late 1920s, he had become dictator of the Soviet Union. persecution of E
7. An increase in p
• In 1924, Stalin had Trotsky dismissed from the Party and defamed encouraging cit
by the state. In 1940, Stalin had Trotsky murdered. è Link to the “
• After Trotsky was removed, Stalin removed him from 8. Building a cult o
photographs in an attempt to erase him from history. Joe”
o Cities were r
o Soviet histor
more promi
praised for g
o He was the s
The Russian Revolution (1917) that gloried
The February Revolution began on March 8, 1917 (February 23 on Soviet natio
the Julian calendar). è ‘Big Brother
Oceania, ev
On March 11, the troops of the Petrograd army garrison were called out suggested
to quell the uprising of demonstrators and striking industrial workers. 9. Deleting people
Often, demonstrators were killed when troops opened fire. photographs
è The Party re
The Duma formed a provisional government on March 12 that was suit their ag
liberal, supporting rights such as freedom of speech, and they opposed
violent social revolution.
A few days later, Czar Nicholas abdicated the throne, ending centuries Purges
of Russian Romanov rule. • The Great Purge
• Stalin eliminated
The October Revolution began on November 6 and 7, 1917 Communist Part
(October 24 and 25 on the Julian calendar). threat.
o Stalin beli
Bolshevik Party leader Vladimir Lenin led Leftist revolutionaries as they Bolshevik
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