ATI MED SURG PROTECTED EXAM 2023 REAL EXAM QUESTION ANS WELL DETAILED AND 100% EXPLANED ANSWERS
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ATI MED SURG Proctored EXAM 2023 REAL
EXAM
Questions WITH WELL Detailed AND Explaned
Answer KEY
ATI MED SURG PROCTORED EXAM 2023 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH WELL DETAILED AND EXPLANED ANSWER KEY
1.A ...
ATI MED SURG Proctored EXAM 2023 REAL
EXAM
Questions WITH WELL Detailed AND Explaned
Answer KEY
, ATI MED SURG PROCTORED EXAM 2023 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH WELL DETAILED AND EXPLANED ANSWER KEY
1.A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?
A. Positive Western blottest
Rationale:The client is already identified as HIV positive.Therefore,another value is the priority.
B. CD4-T-cellcount180cells/mm3
Rationale: A CD4-T-cell count of less than 180 cells/mm3 indicates that the client is severely immune-
compromised and is a thigh risk for infection.Therefore,this value is the priority for the nurse to
report to the provider.
C. Platelets150,000/mm3
Rationale:The client's plateletcount is with in the expected reference range.Therefore,another value is the
priority.
D. WBC5,000/mm3
Rationale:The client's WBC count is with in the expected reference range.Therefore,another value is the
priority.
2.A nurse is assessing a clien twhoisadmittedforelectivesurgeryandhasahistoryofAddison'sdisease.Whichof the
following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hyperpigmentation
Rationale:Addison'sdiseaseisanendocrinedisorderthat occurswhentheadrenalglandsdonotproduce enough
of the hormone cortisol, and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. The disease is
characterized by weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue, low blood pressure, and
hyperpigmentation (darkening) of the skin in both exposed and non-exposed parts of the body.
B. Intentiontremors
Rationale:Intentiontremorsmaybeseeninmultiplesclerosis,aneuromusculardisorderthatprimarily affects the
central nervous system.
D. Purplestriations
Rationale:Purplestriationsontheskinoftheabdomen,thighs,andbreastsareacommonmanifestationin Cushing's
syndrome. Hyperpigmentation can be seen as well.
3.A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. The client reports a
tinglingsensationinthehands,thesolesofthefeet,andaroundthelips.Forwhichofthefollowingfindingsshould the nurse
assess the client?
Page1
, A. Chvostek'ssign
Rationale: The nurse should suspect that the client has hypocalcemia, a possible complication following
subtotal thyroidectomy. Manifestations of hypocalcemia include numbness and tingling in the
hands, thesoles of thefeet,and aroundthe lips,typicallyappearingbetween24and48hr after
surgery.ToelicitChvostek'ssign,thenurseshouldtaptheclient'sfaceatapointjustbelowand in front of
the ear. A positive response would be twitching of the ipsilateral (same side only) facial
muscles, suggesting neuromuscular excitability due to hypocalcemia.
B. Babinski'ssign
Rationale:Babinski'ssignisadiagnostictestforbraindamageoruppermotorneurondamage.Itis positive if the
toes flare up when the nurse strokes the plantar aspect of the foot.
C. Brudzinski'ssign
Rationale:Brudzinski'ssignisanindicationofmeningealirritation,suchasinclientswhohavemeningitis. With the
client supine, the nurse should place one hand behind his head and places her other
handonhischest.Thenursethen raisestheclient'sheadwithherhandbehindhishead,while the hand
on his chest restrains him and prevents him from rising. Flexion of the client's lower extremities
constitutes a positive sign.
D. Kernig'ssign
Rationale:Kernig'ssignisanindicationofmeningealirritation,suchasinclientswhohavemeningitis. The nurse
performs the maneuver with the client supine with his hips and knees in flexion. The inability to
extend the client's knees fully without causing pain constitutes a positive test.
4.Anurseisreviewinglaboratoryvaluesforaclientwhohassystemiclupuserythematosus(SLE).Whichofthe following values
should give the nurse the best indication of the client's renal function?
A. Serumcreatinine
Rationale:Arenalfunctiondisorderreducestheexcretionofcreatinine,resultinginincreasedlevelsof blood
creatinine. Creatinine is a specific and sensitive indicator of renal function.
B. Bloodureanitrogen(BUN)
Rationale: The BUN is used as a gross index of glomerular function and the production and excretion of
urea.High-proteindiets,rapid-proteincatabolism,anddehydrationareconditionsthatwillcause an
elevation in the BUN. This is not the best indication of the client's renal function.
C. Serumsodium
Rationale:Serumsodiumisaffectedbyurinaryoutputbutmayalsobefalselyaffectedbyhemodilutionand
hemoconcentration. This is not the best indication of the client's renal function.
D. Urine-specificgravity
Rationale:Duetothebody'scompensatorymechanismsandabilitytomaintainglomerularfiltrationrate (GFR)
until 75% of renal function is lost, this is not the best indication of the client's renal function.
Page2
, 5.Anurseisassessingaclientwhohas alonghistoryof smokingandissuspectedofhavinglaryngealcancer.The nurse should
anticipate that the client will report that her earliest manifestation was
A. dysphagia.
Rationale:Dysphagia,difficultyswallowing,isalater manifestationofcancerofthelarynx. Itoccursasthe tumor
grows in size and impedes the esophagus.
B. hoarseness.
Rationale: Laryngeal cancer, a malignant tumor of the larynx, is most often caused by long exposure to
tobacco and alcohol. Hoarseness that does not resolve for several weeks is the earliest
manifestationofcancerofthelarynxbecausethetumorimpedestheactionofthevocalcords during
speech. The voice may sound harsh and lower in pitch than normal.
C. dyspnea.
Rationale:Dyspnea,shortnessofbreath,isalatermanifestationoflaryngealcancer. Itoccursasthetumor grows
in size and impedes the airway opening.
6.Anurseinaclinic isassessingaclient whohas AIDSandasignificantlydecreasedCD4-T-cellcount.Thenurse should
recognize that the client is at risk for developing which of the following infectious oral conditions?
A. Halitosis
Rationale:Halitosis(foul-smellingbreath)isnotaninfectiousoralcondition andisfrequentlytheresultof poor
dental health, poor oral hygiene, or gastrointestinal problems.
B. Gingivitis
Rationale:Gingivitisisinflammationofthegumorgingivaandistypicallycausedbyirritationfromdental plaque and
poor oral hygiene.
C. Xerostomia
Rationale:Xerostomia(drymouth)istypicallyanadverseeffectofmedicationsthathaveanticholinergic properties. It is
not an infectious oral condition.
D. Candidiasis
Rationale: Although oral candidiasis can affect anyone, it occurs most often in infants, toddlers, older
adults,andclients whoseimmunesystemshavebeencompromisedbyillness,suchasAIDS,or
medications.
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