NUR 257 Test #1 (Structural/ Infectious/ Inflammatory
Cardiac Disorders and Complications of Heart Disease)
– Questions & Answers
What are the three layers of the heart and where are they located?
Correct Ans - Epicardium=outer protective layer
Myocardium= the muscle tissues of the heart
Endocardium=thin inner layer
What valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?
Correct Ans - Tricuspid Valve
What valve is between the left atrium and left ventricle? Correct Ans -
Mitral Valve
What do the coronary arteries do? Correct Ans - supply blood to
the heart
What does the cardiac conduction system consist of ? Correct Ans -
SA node, AV node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers
What is hemodynamics? Correct Ans - the balance of your body
Blood flow through the heart Correct Ans - 1-Superior & Inferior
Vena Cava, 2-Rt Atrium, 3-Tricuspid Valve, 4- Rt Ventricle, 5-Pulmonary
Valve, 6-Pulmonary Artery, 7- Lungs-pick up oxygen, 8-Pulmonary Veins, 9-
Lt Atrium, 10- Mitral Valve (Bicuspid), 11-Lt Ventricle, 12- Aortic Valve, 13-
Aorta, 14- Body
What is the pacemaker of the heart? Correct Ans - SA node
Electrical activation of cells "Excitement"
(caused by influx of sodium into cell while potassium exits cell) Correct
Ans - Depolarization
Return of Cells to resting state "Relaxation"
(caused by reentry of potassium into cell while sodium exits) Correct
Ans - Repolarization
, The time in between excitement and relaxation where they need to fill back
up to get energy to go again
(sandwich and a nap) Correct Ans - Refractory Period
The number of cardiac cycles is equal to? Correct Ans - Heart Beat
Each cardiac cycle has three major sequential events........ Correct Ans -
Diastole
-when the heart fills with blood
Atrial systole
-atrial contracts and moves blood to ventricle
Ventricular systole
-ventricle ejects blood out of heart
Cardiac Output (CO) Correct Ans - measurement of the amount of
blood ejected per minute from the heart
What is ejection fraction? Correct Ans - how much blood is ejected
with each beat
What is stroke volume? Correct Ans - the amount of blood ejected
by the heart
Preload=
Afterload= Correct Ans - Volume
Pressure
What do baroreceptors detect? Correct Ans - blood pressure
throughout your nervous system and increase if needed as well as decrease
urine output
What other systems might you examine to see if there are problems with
your heart? Correct Ans - ~urinary
~lungs
~veins
~arteries
~brain
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