D570 HLTH 4310 Cognitive Psychology Comprehensive Objective Assessment Review Q & S 2024 1. Multiple Choice: Which model of memory proposes that memory consists of a series of auditory, visual, and semantic records? a) The Modal Model b) The Working Memory Model c) The Dual Coding Theory d) The Levels of Processing Framework Answer : b) The Working Memory Model Rationale: The Working Memory Model, proposed by Baddeley and Hitch, suggests that memory is composed of multiple parts, including the phonological loop (auditory), the visuospatial sketchpad (visual), and the central executive (semantic processing). 2. Fill -in-the-Blank: The phenomenon where individua ls are more likely to remember items at the beginning and end of a list is known as the ________ effect. Answer : Serial Position Rationale: The Serial Position Effect is a pattern of recall for list items, where recall accuracy varies as a function o f an item's position within a study list. 3. True/False: The Stroop Effect demonstrates that the processing of word meaning is an automatic process that cannot be easily ignored. Answer : True Rationale: The Stroop Effect shows that when the meaning of a word and its font color differ, it takes longer to name the font color, indicating the automaticity of reading and processing word meaning. 4. Multiple Choice: Which theory suggests that forgetting occurs due to a lack of retrieval cues? a) Trace Decay Theory b) Interference Theory c) Cue -Dependent Forgetting d) Consolidation Theory Answer : c) Cue -Dependent Forgetting Rationale: Cue -Dependent Forgetting, also known as retrieval failure, posits that without cues or triggers, memories are not easily recalled. 5. Fill -in-the-Blank: The process by which a person holds information in their working memory for a period of time is called ________ rehearsal. Answer : Maintenance Rationale: Maintenance rehearsal is the process of repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about a piece of information. 6. True/False: Chunking is a strategy that involves breaking down information into larger units to improve encoding and retrieval. Answer : True
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