ATI PN PHARMACOLOGY RETAKE 2024
/PHARMACOLOGY PN RETAKE PROCTORED EXAM
WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED
A patient is receiving vancomycin [Vancocin]. The nurse identifies what as the most common toxic effect
of vancomycin therapy?
Renal toxicity
3 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTIONS
What do beta-lactam antibiotics do?
Inhibit synthesis of bacterial cell wall
Beta-lactam antibiotics
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
How was penicillin discovered?
Sir Alexander Fleming saw areas clear of microorganism growth surrounding the mold gathering on the
unwashed petri dishes in his lab. He was able to extract the prototype for the first antibiotic.
How would someone develop a penicillin allergy?
,previous exposure to a fungi
Bacterial growth ininvolves breaking down and rebuilding of what layer?
peptidoglycan layer
Bacterial growth requires what two critical enzymes?
Autolysins-break down
Transpeptidases-build
What are Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs)?
enzymes that are involved in the synthesis of the cell wall and in the maintenance of the morphologic
structure of bacteria.
When are Penicillin Binding Proteins (PBPs) are expressed?
only during growth periods
How does penicillin act on PBPs?
1. target proteins
2. interferes with transpeptidation
3. cell wall becomes unstable
4. bacterial death
How do penicillins disrupt the synthesis of the cell wall?
, disrupt the synthesis of peptidoglycan (PG)
What is the most common cause of drug allergy?
penicillin
What is the role of autolysins in the mode of action of penicillin?
They are activated to promote active destruction of the cell wall.
Are all penicillins bactericidal?
yes
allergic reactions vary in
time and severity
Immediate allergy reaction time
2-30 min
accelerated allergy reaction time
1 - 72 hours
delayed allergy reaction time
days to weeks
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