Principles of Biomedical Science Final Exam Unit 1-6 Key Term.pdf file:///C:/Users/HP/Desktop/NIW/Principles%20of%20Biomedical%2
PLTW Principles of Biomedical Science
Final Exam
1. Biomedical Science: The application of the principles of the natural sciences,
especially biology and physiology, to clinical medicine.
2. Control Group: The group in an experiment where the independent variable being
tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison againstthe
experimental group where the independent variable is applied.
3. Dependent Variable: The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the
research is interested.
4. Experiment: A research study conducted to determine the effect that one variable
has upon another variable.
5. Forensic Science: The application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil
and criminal law.
6. Hypothesis: Clear prediction of the anticipated results of an experiment.
7. Independent Variable: The variable that is varied or manipulated by the re-
searcher.
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8. Negative Control: Control group where conditions produce a negative outcome.
Negative control groups help identify outside influences which may be present that
were not accounted for when the procedure was created.
9. Positive Control: Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the re-
searcher to show that the experimental set up was capable of producing results.
10. Personal Protective Equipment: Specialized clothing or equipment, worn byan
employee for protection against infectious materials (as defined by OSHA).
11. Adenine: A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as ATP,
and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base. Pairs with thymine inDNA
12. Chromosome: Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that containthe
genetic material.
13. Cytosine: A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in
DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base. Pairs with guanine in DNA
14. DNA: A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating
and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.
15. Gel Electrophoresis: The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of
their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an
electrical field in a gel.
16. Gene: A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide
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sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses).
17. Guanine: A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in
DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a purine base. Pairs with cytosine in DNA
18. Helix: Something spiral in form.
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