Chapter 1: The Sciences of Anatomy and Physiology
Question 1:
Which of the following best defines the term "anatomy"?
A) The study of the functions of body structures
B) The study of the body's surface structures
C) The study of the form and structure of body parts
D) The study of how organisms adapt to their environment
Answer:
C) The study of the form and structure of body parts
,Rationale:
Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the structure of organisms and
their parts. While physiology focuses on the function (A), anatomy is about form and
structure, making option C the best definition.
Question 2:
Which of the following imaging techniques is best suited for viewing soft tissues like
the brain?
A) X-ray
B) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
C) Ultrasound
D) Computed tomography (CT) scan
Answer:
B) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Rationale:
MRI uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of soft
tissues, such as the brain. It provides greater detail for soft tissues compared to X-
rays and CT scans, which are better for bones and dense structures (A, D).
Ultrasound (C) is useful for visualizing organs but does not provide the same level of
detail as MRI.
Question 3:
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the anatomical position?
A) Standing upright
B) Feet parallel and flat on the floor
C) Palms facing the body
D) Head level and eyes facing forward
Answer:
, C) Palms facing the body
Rationale:
In the anatomical position, the palms face forward, not towards the body. This
orientation is crucial for providing a standard reference point when describing body
structures and their locations.
Chapter 5: Histology
Question 4:
Which type of epithelium is specialized for absorption and secretion and lines most
of the digestive tract?
A) Simple squamous
B) Stratified squamous
C) Simple columnar
D) Transitional epithelium
Answer:
C) Simple columnar
Rationale:
Simple columnar epithelium is specialized for absorption and secretion and is found
lining the majority of the digestive tract. It often contains microvilli, which increase
surface area for absorption. Simple squamous (A) is found in areas where diffusion
occurs, like the lungs, and stratified squamous (B) is for protection, as seen in the
skin. Transitional epithelium (D) is found in the urinary system.
Question 5:
Which type of connective tissue provides structural support and is found in areas
such as the external ear?
A) Hyaline cartilage
B) Elastic cartilage
C) Fibrocartilage
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