Exam (elaborations)

PNB 2250 EXAM 1-4 Questions (Final Review) Questions And Answers Latest Top Score.

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pnb 2250 exam 1 4 questions final review quest

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PNB 2250 EXAM 1-4 Questions (Final
Review) Questions And Answers Latest
Top Score.

Which statement is true? (E1)
a. Heme is commonly found within seawater
b. Heme-based proteins played a key role in the metabolism of carbon dioxide into
forms less toxic to cells.
c. Heme-based proteins likely developed as a means by which Fe was transported
safely.
d. Oxygen binding to heme is insensitive to the presence of acid in mammals.
e. Early anaerobic life used heme-based proteins to minimize oxygen toxicity. - correct
answer. (e) Early anaerobic life used heme-based proteins to minimize oxygen toxicity.

Why was the evolution of vascular valves so important? (E1)
a. Vascular valves increase the efficiency of blood flow by limiting the direction in which
it can move.
b. Vascular valves are the precursors of a chambered heart.
c. Vascular valves are only found in animals with peristaltic pumps.
d. Vascular valves prevent high blood pressures from damaging pump walls
e. All of the above are reasons why the evolution of vascular valves is so important. -
correct answer. (a) Vascular valves increase the efficiency of blood flow by limiting the
direction in which it can move.

Support for the evolution of terrestrial animals from aquatic animals is provided by...(E1)
a. some aquatic animals ability to use the swim bladder and digestive tract to absorb
oxygen from gulped air.
b. present day examples of transient aquatic hypoxia in warm, shallow waters
c. African lungfish.
d. Dolphins.
e. all of the above answers - correct answer. e. all of the above answers

Heart rate is ________ increasing body size. (E1)

,a. positively correlated with
b. independent of
c. inversely correlated with
d. exponentially correlated with
e. related by the square root - correct answer. c. inversely correlated with

What is an advantage of a closed circulatory system? (E1)
a. Blood can flow in any direction within a blood vessel.
b. It requires less blood volume than an open circulatory system.
c. It is usually a low...pressure (15 to 50 mm Hg) system.
d. It is anatomically more complex.
e. It is not dependent on a heart to generate pressure. - correct answer. b. It requires
less blood volume than an open circulatory system.

In animals, circulatory systems ...(E1)
a. overcome the limitation of diffusion in providing oxygen to tissues far away from
respiratory membranes
b. provide a mechanism for transport of solutes
c. accelerate the loss of carbon dioxide from the body.
d. can vary the distribution of blood to tissues with the greatest need for oxygen
e. can do all of the above. - correct answer. e. can do all of the above.

An advantage of a four chamber heart is ...(E1)
a. that an animal can have less blood volume (on a % basis) than an animal with a
two...chambered heart
b. an animal can also use peristalsis to move blood around the body.
c. the ability to have two blood circuits within the body.
d. the ability to pump different volumes of blood from the two ventricles. - correct
answer. c. the ability to have two blood circuits within the body.

An open circulation system ...(E1)
a. can use peristalsis or a simple heart.
b. is inversely related to body size.
c. is a high-pressure (>150 mm Hg) system.
d. requires less blood volume that a closed circulatory system.
e. only occurs in extremely small (<1 cm) animals. - correct answer. a. can use
peristalsis or a simple heart.

Respiratory proteins ...(E1)
a. increase the carbon dioxide carrying capacity of water up to 50-fold.
b. have a fixed affinity for oxygen
c. depend on carbonic anhydrase to transport oxygen
d. must contain iron.
e. are not accurately described by any of the above statements - correct answer. (e)
are not accurately described by any of the above statements

, Why is Hb the most common respiratory protein? (E1)
a. Hb demonstrates facilitated diffusion in the presence of carbon dioxide.
b. Hb is capable of converting carbon dioxide to carbonic acid
c. Hb is small enough to fit inside cells
d. Heme (or a porphyrin ring) is found in enzymes engaged in basic metabolism
e. Hb can bind both oxygen and carbon dioxide on heme. - correct answer. d. Heme
(or a porphyrin ring) is found in enzymes engaged in basic metabolism

Vertebrates constantly exposed to hypoxic conditions would have a Hb-O2 binding
curve (BLANK) compared to a vertebrate not exposed to hypoxic conditions. (E1)
a. shifted to the right
b. not shifted at all
c. shifted up
d. that is biphasic
e. shifted to the left - correct answer. e. shifted to the left

Which of the following might happen if I was able to suddenly inhibit all carbonic
anhydrase activity in a terrestrial animals' body? (E1)
a. The animals' blood pH would plummet to very low (acidic) levels
b. Anion exchange activity would increase dramatically to compensate
c. The animal would suddenly no longer increase respiration in response to acid in the
blood
d. There would be a dramatic increase in the ability of Hb to transport carbon dioxide
e. None of the above would likely happen if all carbonic anhydrase activity was
suddenly inhibited. - correct answer. e. None of the above would likely happen if all
carbonic anhydrase activity was suddenly inhibited.

What is the most important physical factor affecting the ability of animals to extract O2
from their environment? (E1)
a. The slow chemical reaction of O2 with many metals.
b. The increase in the solubility of O2 in water with rising temperature.
c. The presence of other gases.
d. Diffusion.
e. Dalton's law - correct answer. d. Diffusion.

Insects are dependent on (BLANK) to move air through (BLANK). (E1)
a. ventilation ... trachea.
b. ventilation ... alveoli
c. diffusion ... trachea
d. ventilation ... spiracles
e. diffusion ... alveoli. - correct answer. (c) diffusion ... trachea

What is an advantage of an invaginated respiratory organ? (E1)
a. An invaginated respiratory works best in an aquatic environment
b. An invaginated respiratory organ works best for diffusive breathers (like insects)

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PNB 2250 EXAM 1-4 Questions (Final Review) Questions And Answers Latest Top Score.

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