University of California
San Diego (UCSD)
COGS 107A Neuroanatomy and Physiology
COGS 107A Midterm and Final Exam
Course Title and Number: COGS 107A Neuroanatomy and
Physiology Exam
Exam Title: COGS 107A Midterm and Final Exam Exam
Exam Date: Exam 2024- 2025
Instructor: [Insert Instructor’s Name]
Student Name: [Insert Student’s Name]
Student ID: [Insert Student ID]
Examination
180 minutes
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2. Answer all questions.
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COGS 107A Neuroanatomy and
Physiology 2024-2025
COGS 107A Weeks 4 - 6 Midterm 2 Exam
Comprehensive Review Questions with Correct Answers
| 100% Pass Guaranteed | Graded A+ |
Read All Instructions Carefully and Answer All the
Questions Correctly Good Luck: -
Phases of an Action Potential - Answer>> resting
potential, rising phase (depolarization), overshoot,
falling phase (depolarization), undershoot (hyper
polarization), return to resting potential
depolarization - Answer>> change in the membrane
potential to a less negative value
hyperpolarization - Answer>> change in the
membrane potential to a more negative value
resting potential - Answer>> a steady electric
potential difference across the neuronal membrane is
achieved that is dependent upon the relative
concentrations of ions inside/outside the neuron and
ion permeability
rising phase - Answer>> rapid depolarization of the
membrane
overshoot - Answer>> inside the neuron is positively
charged with respect to the outside
falling phase - Answer>> rapid repolarization
undershoot - Answer>> a period of hyperpolarization
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The action potential is
considered to be an ____
response, which propagates along the ___ to instigate
vesicle release of ____. - Answer>> all-or-none; axon;
neurotransmitter
When Neuron 1 exhibits an action potential it (does not
always/always) induce an action potential in Neuron 2 -
Answer>> does not always
The binding of an excitatory neurotransmitter to
receptors on a postsynaptic neuron instigates an ____. -
Answer>> excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)
excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) - Answer>> A
transient postsynaptic membrane depolarization
caused by the presynaptic release of neurotransmitter;
can lead to action potentials, but not always
miniature postsynaptic potential - Answer>>
postsynaptic response to the spontaneous release of
ONE vesicle of neurotransmitter
What are the units (quantum) of all postsynaptic
potentials at a given synapse? - Answer>>
spontaneous miniature postsynaptic potentials
length constant (lambda) - Answer>> a parameter
used to describe how far changes in the membrane
potential can passively spread down a cable such as an
axon or a dendrite, It is the distance at which the
depolarization falls to 37% of its original value
What causes degradation of an EPSP amplitude? -
Answer>> ionic current leakage through membrane
channels
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The length constant (lambda)
depends on the ratio of ______. -
Answer>> membrane resistance (e.g. number of open
ion channels) to internal resistance (e.g. the diameter
of the dendrite)
Once the summation of EPSPs reaches the
depolarization threshold, a ____ occurs. - Answer>>
action potential
The synchronous firing of multiple upstream neurons
can _____ the likelihood of eliciting a(n) ____ in a
downstream neuron - Answer>> increase; action
potential
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) - Answer>>
Transient hyperpolarization of postsynaptic membrane
potential caused by presynaptic release of
neurotransmitter; can reduce the likelihood of an action
potential
Shunting inhibition - Answer>> inhibiting current flow
from soma to axon hillock that occurs as the result of
outward positive current flow (e.g. by inward
movement of anions)
When an inhibitory neuron spikes at the same time as
the excitatory neuron it can interfere with ____
communication and ____ the likelihood of observing an
action potential in the downstream neuron -
Answer>> interfere; decrease
Summation of EPSPs and IPSPs is a ____ response,
rather than _____. - Answer>> graded, all-or-none
Action Potentials convey information through ___. -
Answer>> alterations in frequency and pattern
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