Edexcel A-Level History- South Africa Unit 2 Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update
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Course
Edexcel A-Level History
Institution
Edexcel A-Level History
Why did opposition to apartheid increase ?
split in the ANC divided political campaigns and helped mobilise new communities, rural
political movements in homelands with connections to the ANC and PAC challenged
government at a local level
Why did the PAC challenge the ANC's peaceful protest?...
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Edexcel A-Level History- South Africa Unit
2 Questions and Correct Answers the
Latest Update
Why did opposition to apartheid increase 1960-1961?
✓ split in the ANC divided political campaigns and helped mobilise new communities, rural
political movements in homelands with connections to the ANC and PAC challenged
government at a local level
Why did the PAC challenge the ANC's peaceful protest?
✓ they didn't want peaceful negotiatons, feeling anger and violence would better help the
movement, the ANC had an unfocused idea of freedom than a non-racial democracy
What did Subukwe (leader of the PAC) do to undermine the ANC'S campaign in March 1960?
✓ knew the ANC had planned a campaign on the 31st March 1960 so announced the PAC's
campaign on 21st March to out do the ANC, the ANC was irritated by this and claimed
they were being "sabotaged", aimed to protest pass laws and clog up the supreme court
What happened in Sharpville on the 21st March 1960?
✓ people gathered outside a police station in Sharpville to protest pass laws, police used
Saracen armoured vehicles, baton charges and open fired on the crowds, 69 killed
What happened on the 28th March 1960?
✓ ANC held an anti-pass protest, organising pass burning in Pretoria for the Treason Trial,
called a stayaway (strike) at the end of March for mourning
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What happened on the 30th March 1960?
✓ Kgosana led 30,000 Africans in non-violent demonstration in Langa, police lied about a
meeting with the Minister of Justice if the crowds dispersed
What happened on the 31st March 1960?
✓ protest in Cato Manor, Durban, tried to stop workers from going to work, non-violent
clashes between protesters police and people who wanted to go to work
Why did the ANC form MK in December 1960?
✓ armed wing, Mandela felt it was wrong for African leaders to continue preaching peace
and non-violence at a time when the government met their peaceful demands with force
i.e. government violence against Africans
State of Emergency, 30th March 1960
✓ arrest of over 10,000 people and over 2000 in the first few days, including Nelson
Mandela
Unlawful Organisations Act, 1960
✓ ANC and PAC were banned and declared illegal, blow for the ANC who hadn't been
involved in PAC's campaign
Why did the government adopt such a forceful response following Sharpville?
✓ they were rattled by increasing protest and sought to assert authority, reassure investors
and white communities that they were in control where there was uncertainty
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