Ghana
Explain the various factors that led to Ghana attaining independence in 1957.*
The Gold Coast of Africa The Gold Coast, now known as Ghana, is one of many civilizations of Africa. It was a British
Colony until March 6, 1957, when it became independent as the State of Ghana.
The role played by WEB Du Bois, Marcus Garvey and George Padmore were spreading Pan Africanism ideas. Early
nationalism among the educated elite who knew concepts like democracy and nationalism. Educated elite became
critical of colonial rule
Elite attached a socialist interpretation to their ideas about nationalism. British companies like Cadbury exploited
Ghana cocoa farmers. Resistance tactics: 1937 nationwide strike of cocoa farmers. Farmers supported by dock and
transport workers strike became a nationalist movement against British political control Strike was a success
encouraged further nationalist support.
The influence of World War Two on nationalism urbanization more people open to political ideas. Many blacks
fought in the war for democracy and freedom questioned why it did not apply to Africa. any returning soldiers
battled to find work played a leading role in the fight for independence
The Atlantic Charter promised democracy gave hope to African independence aspirations
Inflation increased after the war many Africans dissatisfied with their economic situation blamed colonial rule
supported nationalist movements
After the Manchester Conference, the nationalist ideas became more militant to liberate Ghana Britain gave limited
responsibility to the elite. Led to formation of the UGCC Nkrumah active role in organizing boycotts against British
rule
Nkrumah broke away from moderate UGCC to form the Convention Peoples Party. CPP had mass support adopted a
policy of African socialism. CPP organized strikes and boycotts Britain gave limited powers of self-rule to Ghana.CPP
continued their struggle and won the 1957 election. Nkrumah became president of the Gold Coast and renamed it
Ghana
Ghana became the first country in Africa to gain independence.
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